Mr. President, shortly after that conversation a year ago, the Republicans proposed a budget that ensured that government did not grow beyond the historical standard of 20 percent of GDP.
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Standard historical fiction tends to consist of plausible stories that have been grafted onto enduring historical facts.
But the book does not climax, as a standard historical text might, with South Africa's first proper multi-racial elections in 1994.
Bullish sentiment is just slightly above one standard deviation from the historical average and bearish sentiment is within one standard deviation.
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Placing asset categories on the efficient frontier requires knowing their historical average return and standard deviation.
Arafat based his counter-claim on standard Islamic historical revisionism.
Hugely, vastly, rich by any historical or even current global standard.
In statistical terms, optimism is more than one standard deviation above the historical average.
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Two standard deviations above the historical average is 50.7%, and levels above that mark are outliers.
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Bullish sentiment is more than two standard deviations from its historical mean, making it a statistical outlier.
Pessimism is more than one standard deviation above its historical average, which makes it unusual, but not extraordinary.
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Optimism is currently more than one standard deviation beyond its historical average, meaning that this is an unusually high reading.
It is also more than one standard deviation below the historical average of 30%, making this an unusually low reading.
Even with the decline, bullish sentiment is just slightly beyond one standard deviation of its historical norm, making the current reading atypical, but still not an outlier.
Bullish sentiment is now more than one standard deviation above its historical average, placing it above the typical range that has been registered over the course of the survey.
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Pessimism not only stayed at its lowest level since December 23, 2010, it also remained at a reading that is more than one standard deviation below the historical average of 30%.
Other measures also suggest sentiment is running hot, including the spread between bullish and bearish sentiment (37.6 percentage points) and the standard deviation (bullish sentiment is more than one standard deviation above the historical mean).
While I am optimistic about the prospects for continued growth in the U.S. economy (albeit sub-standard growth from a historical perspective) and for the stock market overall for 2013, I remain concerned that many of the same headline risks that were in place heading out of 2012 may still prove to be headwinds in 2013.
Bearish sentiment is at unusually high levels, but not so high that it would be considered extraordinarily high. (In statistical terms, pessimism is less than two standard deviations away from its historical average.) The sharp increase comes as the market has pulled back, some large-cap stocks have declined notably over the past several weeks and uncertainty about the fiscal cliff looms.
The similarities between this quasi-dollar standard and the original Bretton Woods system mean that many of today's problems have historical parallels.
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By comparison, the spread between 10-year Treasurys and a standard 30-year fixed-rate mortgage is just 1.93 percentage points, near historical averages, according to mortgage-data provider HSH Associates.
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