At Nicolas Feuillatte, by contrast, visitors see the giant stainless steel vats in which the wine is blended, and the above-ground temperature-controlled storerooms, where specially commissioned works of modern art are displayed.

ECONOMIST: Champagne

Only 8 percent correctly identified 160 degrees Fahrenheit (71 degrees Celsius) as being the temperature ground beef should reach to be safe.

CNN: graphic

In particular, their assessments have depended heavily on measurements of temperature from ground-based instruments.

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They will look, too, at the amount of ice in the ground, and the temperature and the moisture of the soil.

ECONOMIST: Global warming and the permafrost

That warming trend was especially marked at night, when the temperature difference between the ground and the air is highest.

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This was a disagreement between the temperature trend on the ground, which appeared to be rising, and that further up in the atmosphere, which did not.

ECONOMIST: Changing science

The heating and cooling systems use air that has been earth-tempered drawn into a large tube and passed through the ground, which has a consistent temperature that is cool in the summer and warm in the winter.

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On a visit in April the temperature was only a few degrees cooler than the ground and not windy on the lee side.

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So in the last year of their 17-year life cycle, when the soil temperature reaches about 64 degrees Fahrenheit, they crawl out of the ground by the billions.

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In 2001, the Court ruled against the government in a case involving use of a ground-based thermal imager to detect an indoor marijuana growing operation by measuring the temperature of the roof and outside wall of a house.

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