Although every successful organization has formal hierarchies, they are more effective when they do not have to be rigidly enforced.

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For that reason, less-formal processes may sometimes be more effective and timely.

FORBES: Transcript

Two weeks ago, a new chief executive, Mike Darcey, arrived at News International and in a statement issued on Friday night, he said that Mr Witherow would take over at the Times "effective immediately, subject to formal approval as editor by the independent directors" of Times Newspapers Ltd.

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The new prices were effective Saturday although the company has yet to make any formal announcement.

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It can be an effective way of reaching people in a country where there is no formal network of government job centres.

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