The new Competition Law is the third competition law in the South Africa, passed by the South Africa Congress in 1998 and on January 1st 1999, it came into formal effective.

1998年南非国会通过了新的竞争法，该法于1999年1月1日正式生效，这是南非历史上的第三部竞争法。

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Forest ecology system is important in the global carbon cycle and balance. Every countries attach great importance on forest carbon sink with the formal effective of Kyoto protocol.

森林生态系统在全球碳循环与平衡中具有极为重要的和不可替代的地位和作用，随着《京都议定书》正式生效，森林碳汇问题已经越来越受到世界各国的重视。

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Informal communication is more effective than formal most of the time.

大部分时候非正式的交流比正式交流更有效。

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Although every successful organization has formal hierarchies, they are more effective when they do not have to be rigidly enforced.

FORBES: Are You a Leader or Just Bossy?

For that reason, less-formal processes may sometimes be more effective and timely.

FORBES: Transcript

Two weeks ago, a new chief executive, Mike Darcey, arrived at News International and in a statement issued on Friday night, he said that Mr Witherow would take over at the Times "effective immediately, subject to formal approval as editor by the independent directors" of Times Newspapers Ltd.

BBC: John Witherow is appointed new editor of the Times