This is partly because lenders ask for collateral that only the well-off can provide.
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Basuki, the South Kalimantan businessman, says banks typically ask for collateral worth 90% of the value of the loan from small businesses.
One option would be to keep tenders fixed, but to ask for collateral that covers the entire bid and not just the funds allocated.
On the other hand, funding the rescue from the temporary fund -- the European Financial Stability Facility -- could give difficult eurozone members like Finland a chance to ask for collateral from Spain.
Potential causes include Finnish demands for collateral against its contribution to the Greek bail-out and a vote by Germany's constitutional court, due on September 7th, on the legality of the rescue package (see table).
And since the European Central Bank and the national central banks insist on lending only in return for collateral, there is a danger that banks would shortly run out of collateral of sufficient quality.
Lay put up a chunk of his Enron stock and a smaller percentage of his more liquid assets (cash and real estate, for example) as collateral for the loans.
Many banks have transferred credit-card loans to home-equity loans, which are tax-deductible for the borrower and offer collateral for the lender.
With prices of both crashing, the university was getting margin calls--demands from counterparties (among them, JPMorgan Chase and Goldman Sachs) for more collateral.
Just a week ago, Carlyle Capital warned the market that it had begun to receive default notices after getting margin calls for additional collateral from lender banks.
Having the genome sequence to hand should give researchers an opportunity to start tinkering with other Vibrio genes to see which are responsible for such collateral damage, and perhaps to deactivate them in existing formulations.
Just a week ago, Carlyle Capital (other-otc: CARYF - news - people ) warned the market that it had begun to receive default notices after getting margin calls for additional collateral from lender banks.
When investors have it in their heads that the price of shares is falling, and those falls are reinforced by demands for increased collateral from those who lent to finance the share purchases, it is difficult to make any kind of rational prediction about when and where more than a week of share-price falls will be halted.
The package allows Norwegian banks to swap toxic debt products like mortgage-backed securities for new government bonds, which can then be used as collateral for borrowing from the central bank.
The European Central Bank must avoid creating an incentive for banks to load up on Greek debt and then offer it as collateral for liquidity from the ECB, by (controversially) offering less cash for government bonds with lower credit ratings.
This creates additional pathways for the flow of ECB funds into the marketplace to address the problem and will also allow more time for the issues of solvency to be addressed as the collateral issues for capital tier ratios and Basel III still will persist.
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They often have significant and liquid endowments that serve as collateral for the debt.
Indeed, the 49ers are being used as collateral for a portion of the financing.
Those appraisals often overstated the true values of the properties serving as collateral for the loans.
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This forced financial firms to increase collateral for credit default swaps--which meant more calls for new capital.
Investment banks are spending tens of millions of dollars on building sophisticated systems for managing client collateral.
That said, owning assets that can serve as collateral for an SBA loan will only help you.
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Maybe the Spanish team could be used as collateral for some loans from Germany to bailout the Spanish banks?
It means the collateral for the loan, the house, is worth lending against.
It might also hurt the value of the land that local governments have offered as collateral for their borrowings.
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That makes it impossible to use land as collateral for traditional bank loans.
In those days U.S. Treasury bills and bonds were not acceptable as collateral for note issuance at the reserve banks.
More recently, in 1991, India applied its gold as collateral for a loan with the Bank of Japan and others.
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