Hackers distributed malware that caused the target computers to shut down, routing the attack through computers in other countries to conceal their identity, the investigators said.

WSJ: Seoul Raises Alert Ahead of Expected Test

In 2002 they were flooded with traffic from tens of thousands of infected computers in an unsolved "distributed denial of service" attack.

FORBES: The Next Threat

Known as distributed denial of service, the attacks employ multiple computers to flood networks with millions of simultaneous requests, overwhelming servers and crippling Web sites.

CNN: U.S. at risk of cyberattacks, experts say

Initially seen as a way to enhance web pages, Java was soon talked of as a lingua franca for computers: small programs, called applets, written in Java would be distributed via the Internet and downloaded to run on any computer, regardless of operating system.

ECONOMIST: Sun and Microsoft