This weekend's deal, on its own, is actually fairly backloaded when it comes to direct spending cuts.
There is no cast-iron guarantee that the centre can direct spending much better than the localities do.
She found that parents' time cost is larger, on average, than direct spending, at least until children reach age 12.
The OIA recently released figures tallying the state-by-state impacts of outdoor recreation, including direct spending, jobs, salaries, and tax revenue.
It includes a combination of direct spending, such as infrastructure investments, tax relief, and an extension of the payroll tax cut.
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Sequestration is supposed to be applied to discretionary appropriations and direct spending.
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Yet, the deficit would be exactly the same whether Congress chose to provide that assistance through direct spending or through a refundable credit.
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Keep in mind that spending-like tax preferences add about as much to the deficit each year as the direct spending Washington wants to freeze.
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This is true even though many of these tax preferences are economically indistinguishable from direct spending and often add far more to the deficit.
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Spending programs administered by the IRS do as much to increase the size and scope of government as direct spending programs, and deserve the same level of scrutiny.
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Going back to our example, direct spending would be fans from Oklahoma City spending money on hotels, dining, retail, and parking while in St Louis for the event.
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So there's a lot that government can still do - not only through direct spending on Broadband, on housing, on road, on rail, but some of the innovations.
But I am suggesting that when we consider how to cut the deficit, we need to think about spending-like tax breaks in the same way we think about direct spending.
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But Mr Kirchner cowed them too during his four years in office, thanks to high approval ratings and an ample budget surplus, which gave him an unusual amount of freedom to direct spending to supportive regional officials.
This week the Supreme Court rejected that equivalence, ruling that an Arizona tax credit differed enough from a comparable direct spending program to deny taxpayers the right to sue on the basis that the credit represented an unconstitutional government activity.
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If we are going to cap some direct spending (at least for the 12 percent of government that the various proposed freezes seem to target), we ought to do the same for the tax deductions, credits, and exclusions that are effectively the same thing.
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If you look at the Congressional Budget Office testimony that was released today, it said that in terms of bang for the buck, so in terms of how much kick you get from a dollar of budget costs, direct spending, like investing in roads and schools and other - the electricity grid is actually more effective than tax revisions.
When American politicians become chairmen of congressional committees, they are able to direct federal spending to their home states.
Democrats thus were able to accumulate seniority that could be used to direct military spending to their dirt-poor districts.
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The defense industry develops patents supported by direct government spending.
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The government does want to direct its social spending better, says Mr Aninat, and to extend private-sector involvement.
Yet Congress doesn't really know whether most of these provisions accomplish their stated goals, are more or less efficient than direct government-spending programs, are claimed improperly or may even hurt the economy.
Trust also enables a firm to hire a large number of plant managers, because the CEO will feel comfortable delegating decisions to their direct reports without spending too much time on supervision.
This will make life complicated for Mr Persson, who in his second term will be under pressure from employers to liberalise Sweden's labour market and to shift the welfare budget from direct transfers to spending on health care and education.
Spending impacts are the sum of direct, indirect, and induced spending.
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"We have seen a direct positive relationship between spending on app downloads and someone consummating a transaction, " Mr. Warren said.
Exports, foreign direct investment and government spending served a very useful purpose.
This time the agreement even provides a number: spending on direct payments will be limited to 5% of the value of agricultural production.
And finally, ground yourself regularly, with exercise and meditation, or with direct service, like spending time each month quietly serving in a soup kitchen.
That, he feels, is a direct reflection of the lower spending on tourism in England.
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