That kind of market concentration allows for tremendous economies of scale.

FORBES: Not Your Father's MBA

In some cases the state actively promotes industrial concentration, to help firms gain the scale to compete abroad.

ECONOMIST: Competition policy in Brazil

In the same way that mass production moved the locus of industry from small shops to huge factories, today's mutations have the potential to shift us away from business models based on economies of scale, asset intensification, concentration and central control.

FORBES: McKinsey Quarterly

The process of land concentration tends to be amplified by large-scale foreign land acquisitions, resulting in growing inequalities in farm size.

UNESCO: Madiodio Niasse on the risks associated with large-scale foreign land aquisitions | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

The rise in inequality is due partly to the concentration of immigrants at both ends of the economic scale, but the LSE study suggests that the arrival of lots of poor people has also depressed wages.

ECONOMIST: Immigrants

The result will be more concentration of breakthrough products from fewer players and more pressure on startups to scale up quickly with a distinct advantage or get swallowed up.

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But that concentration is more than made up for by the narrowing of gaps further down the income scale.

ECONOMIST: An unequal continent is becoming less so