The Afghan army, the first step in a possible cantonal system with strong central institutions, is making slow progress.
ECONOMIST: Now the country's fragile peace must be made to stick
With power passing downward to the devolved parliaments, and upward to the European Union, it is inevitable that Britain's central political institutions will change as well.
Agricultural, Church-dominated economies were superseded by new forms of social organization--nascent nation states with central political institutions, urban, commercial economies and lay patronage of intellectual and cultural life.
This was a fiscally neutral Budget for Britain, but it's the renewed high-stakes show-down between Cypriot democracy and Europe's central financial institutions that could have more impact on economic recovery than anything Mr Osborne had to say.
Through CARSI, the U.S. Government provides equipment, training, and technical assistance to support immediate law enforcement and interdiction operations, as well as strengthen the capacities of Central American governmental institutions to address security challenges and the underlying economic and social conditions that contribute to them.
Paragraph 1 shall not apply to publicly owned credit institutions which, in the context of the supply of reserves by central banks, shall be given the same treatment by national central banks and the European Central Bank as private credit institutions.
This frightening scenario could be substantially blurred by the central involvement of faceless multilateral institutions.
Despite the activities of central banks, fearful financial institutions are having to conserve capital to offset the lack of short-term funds.
The ECB may have been central but, like other institutions, it signed off on an initial agreement that was widely criticized because it would have taxed all depositors in Cyprus banks, even those with small accounts.
Asia also has more qualitative political and institutional characteristics such as improved central bank credibility, maturing political institutions and seemingly more sound fiscal policies than most of the West, the BlackRock Investor Institute says.
The US has threatened to take action against foreign firms and institutions dealing with the Iranian central bank.
BBC: Iran's rial slides against US dollar on fresh sanctions
One is the macro view that comes from within the Central Banks, Finance Ministries and multilateral institutions of the world like the International Monetary Fund.
The central bank recently issued regulations to monitor Sharia institutions and help them manage liquidity.
Now there is just one rate that trades within a narrow band with a reference rate set by the central bank daily in conjunction with local financial institutions.
The Bush administration, which has made the spread of democratic institutions in the Middle East a central foreign policy goal, has also expressed concerns about the popularity of Hamas.
Western Europe seems to have bypassed a much-hyped second whammy in the credit crisis from a debt bubble in Eastern Europe, thanks to loan support from institutions like the IMF and European Central Bank.
Central banks have responded by expanding loans to financial institutions, purchasing private securities and buying government debt.
Certain countries, including some in the Andes and Central America, had more vulnerable economies and weaker institutions when reform started.
Standard clinical trials play a central role in the research enterprise of both of those institutions.
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Recently, the BIS has been helping central banks with short-term liquidity problems, aiding institutions in Latin America, Eastern Europe and Asia with crucial bridging loans.
It has a few institutions that work reasonably well, such as the central bank and the private universities.
An end to sanctions also would put strain Myanmar's weak financial institutions, including its underdeveloped capital markets and the central bank itself.
Soon after, on New Year's Eve, President Barack Obama signed into law sanctions against any entity which dealt with the Central Bank of Iran, a measure which put off many financial institutions from doing business with Iran under the fear of being locked out of the US market.
What is more, Mr Fazio's behaviour has wrecked the reputation of the central bank, hitherto one of the country's few internationally respected institutions.
In a hearing before the European Parliament, he defended the ECB's decision, saying the central bank was only acting within its mandate not to fund insolvent financial institutions.
The goal here will be to streamline the European Commission and to fine-tune the voting powers of national governments in the Council of Ministers, so that both institutions can accommodate an influx of new members, mainly from Central and Eastern Europe, in the decade ahead.
The Croydon Central MP said the disqualification law applied to MPs and members of the devolved institutions, but not to peers.
Mr. Ochoa also points out that the plucking of a central bank chief as a cabinet minister underscores the erosion of Venezuela's institutions.
WSJ: Venezuelan Cabinet Tweak Seen Aiding Economy in Short Term
Is it also possible that local affiliates, especially in Central and Eastern Europe, were in fact funded by resources provided by multilateral institutions to those countries rather than through the internal capital markets?
The issues of excessive risk-taking by financial institutions too big to fail, and the broader regulatory effort is totally central to the white paper that we released in June.
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