For decades, the primary method to treat factures has been to use metallic hardware such as plates, screws and pins or a total joint prosthesis combined with standard bone cement known as Poly-Methyl-Methlacrylate (PMMA).

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During standard endoscopic sinus surgery, bone and tissue are removed in order to open the passageways, and this can result in scarring and a recurrence of sinusitis in one-quarter of patients.

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