But about a decade ago they began to go upscale as architect-led firms started designing beautiful energy efficient abodes.
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He appeared before the Truth and Reconciliation Commission last July to testify about his alleged role as architect of the apartheid government's covert chemical-and biological-warfare programme.
Now, in 1817, a new phase unfolded as he was drawn to Washington at the invitation of President James Monroe to take up an important role as architect of the Capitol.
As architect of the DPJ's historic victory in elections last August, the party believes it owes him a debt of gratitude, and needs him to manage a big win in upper-house elections this summer.
"I am extremely disappointed to learn that the developer of Riverside Center has chosen not to retain Christian de Portzamparc as architect for this project, " said Amanda Burden, director of the Department of City Planning, in an emailed statement Friday.
Another founder Idwal Stedman, who sits on Hafren Power's regional committee, has been declared bankrupt twice: in 1994 while working as an architect and in 2006 while working as an antiques dealer.
His reputation as the architect of national development dates from his early years as minister of finance under Seretse Khama.
The man widely credited as the architect of Putin's tightly controlled political system, Vladislav Surkov, abruptly quit his post as Russia's deputy prime minister.
He joined the army in New York City, where he was working as an architect and engineer.
As an architect, spend a few more minutes on site at your next project.
She was recruited in 1930 in Shanghai, where her husband was working as an architect.
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"As an architect it's not about replacing one identity but more about enriching our work, " he said.
Defense secretary Donald Rumsfeld is due to cross Europe as the architect of the war in Iraq.
They also prize Vladimir Putin, the president whom they see as its architect.
He was trained as an architect and his first significant film was a documentary called House, made in 1980.
This spry former academic is seen as the architect of Turkey's soft power, which blends realpolitik with a fierce pride.
The once-dominant Pasok, which was seen as the architect of austerity, came third with just 41 seats in the 300-seat parliament.
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Warning: A shell won't protect you from liability for your own negligence--say, as the architect of a building that falls down.
Born in 1910, Noyes trained as an architect at Harvard, where his teachers included Bauhaus masters Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer.
There is no answer, except to visit these buildings, as any architect who has done so and been transformed will tell you.
Colin, who trained as an architect, built it between 2003 and 2005.
His father, Ellery, the child of Ukrainian Jews who had fled the pogroms, worked as an architect, painter, writer, elementary-school teacher, and radio host.
Maya Lin. (Applause.) The 2009 National Medal of Arts to Maya Lin, for her profound work as an architect, artist, and environmentalist.
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Hamilton's role as the architect of America's financial system is fairly well known: he founded the Treasury department and unified the national currency and debt.
This switch has been made possible by Mr Blair's personal authority, as the architect of New Labour at the head of a huge parliamentary majority.
As an architect Noyes designed homes in and around New Canaan.
Trained as an architect, Sara has found she is allowed to design buildings, but supervising her projects on site can be difficult, and sometimes it's forbidden.
As the architect of multiple facets of the digital landscape, Apple expanded the definition of personal computer into the mobile realm with the iPhone and iPad.
The inclusion of several studies pertaining to Michelangelo's work at the church of San Lorenzo in Florence makes it possible to chart, in outline, his education as an architect.
As an architect of Europe's Economic and Monetary Union, and a former 'sherpa' of Chancellor Kohl at various G7 summits, he is well known on the scene of international finance.
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