在长时间尺度上研究环境变化条件下的种群动态，有助于确定不同物种如何对新的生物和非生物条件做出反应。
Population dynamics studies under shifting environmental conditions over a longer time scale can help to determine how different species react to new biotic and abiotic conditions.
这是真正要在化学，生物学和我们将要关注的其他类型变化中占有最大份额的条件。
This is the condition for really the lion's share of chemistry, biology, and other kinds of changes we'll be concerned with.
最近，行星科学家提出，地球生物圈发展的外部先决条件可能包括四个最重要的偶发事件。
Recently planetary scientists have suggested that the external preconditions for the development of Earth's biosphere probably included four paramount contingencies.
对生物体来说，相对可预测的不利条件可能比不可预测的条件造成更简单的问题。
Unfavorable conditions that are relatively predictable probably pose a simpler problem for organisms than do unpredictable conditions.
首先，我想谈谈一些发现，它们挑战了建立生物群落必需条件的基本假设之一。
First, I'd like to talk about some discoveries that have challenged one of these fundamental assumptions about what you need in order to have a biological community.
相反，不可预测的不利条件会给生物体带来相当大的隐患。
In contrast, unfavorable conditions that occur unpredictably pose considerable problems for organisms.
想想看：叶子在腐烂时会产生热量，使土壤升温；反之，温暖的土壤又影响了微生物的生存条件。
Think about this, decomposing leaves create heat that warms the soil; the warm soil in turn affects the growth, the conditions of organisms there.
那些生物个体拥有一些特征，这些特征为它们的生存竞争提供了有力条件，帮助它们更容易地存活下来，并且它们会将自己的基因传给下一代。
Those individuals who possess characteristics that provide them with an advantage in the struggle for existence are more likely to survive and contribute their genes to the next generation.
地理上的隔离是隔离种群所必需的条件，且地理隔离的性质完全取决于生物体的生物学特性及其分散的可能性。
The nature of the geographic separation necessary to isolate populations depends entirely on the biology of the organism and its potential for dispersal.
我们不仅使生物大规模灭绝，还令陆地、空气和海洋含有巨大毒性，从而使生物的生存条件遭到破坏。
Not only are we bring about the extinction of life on a vast scale, we are also making the land, the air and the sea so toxic that the very conditions of life are being destroyed.
我们不仅使生物大规模灭绝，还令陆地、空气和海洋含有巨大毒性，从而使生物的生存条件遭到破坏。
Not only are we bringing about the extinction of life on a vast scale, we are also making the land and the air and the sea so toxic that the very conditions of life are being destroyed.
这个重达750千克的流浪者将运载艺术态工具——这是个科学负载，用来帮助研究红色星球的地理，大气层以及环境条件，还有潜在的生物特征。
The 750kg rover will carry state-of-the-art instruments - a scientific payload to help study the Red Planet's geology, atmosphere and environmental conditions, as well as potential biosignatures.
一些新概念产品如生物炭引进，将有助于改善农业生产条件、减少废气排放。
And new concepts, such as the introduction of biochar, will help improve farming and reduce emissions.
我们现在一旦找到了生物学根源，就立刻条件反射的想到“病变”，倒像是我们自己被剥夺了选择的能力。
If biological roots can be found, then we reflexively think "disease" -as in the obliteration of choice-making ability.
因此别雷获得下面这一发现时感到非常惊讶，在正确的时机条件下，该生物可以恢复它潜在的头部再生能力。
So it surprised Bely to see that, with the right timing, the creature could regain its head-popping potential.
因此他们检测了混合营养体与光养生物分别及共同培养于不同光照条件下的生长情况。
They tested mixotrophs and phototrophs separately and together under the different light conditions.
德国比勒菲尔德大学从事微生物研究工作的的Olaf Kruse如是说，但是这些微生物需要在严格的厌氧条件下才能工作。
But these other microbes need strict anaerobic conditions to work.
因此，总体来讲，生物燃料是属于碳中性的，但条件是人们不会去计算制造生物燃料所要耗费的化石燃料。
So overall (and with the huge proviso that you do not count the fossil fuel used to farm the stuff) biofuels are carbon-neutral.
他最终拒绝了这个邀请，没能在生物圈内创造可供进行比较研究的控制条件。
He eventually declined, unable to create control conditions inside the biosphere that would allow for comparative research.
用它，美国宇航局带头创建了太空站，在那里人类已经学会在微重力条件下生存数月，并做生物医学和天文学研究。
With it, NASA took the lead in creating the space station, where humans have learned how to survive for months in micro-gravity and do biomedical and astronomical research.
该理事会将考虑到当地社区从留给生物燃料生产土地上搬迁的情况和工人生活条件差及环境污染的情况。
The council will look at the displacement of local communities from land given over to biofuel productionand stories of poor conditions for workers, and environmentalpollution.
实验早期发表的论文显示的证据说明，在相同条件下，含有更多种植物的试验田最终的确比含较少物种的试验田生产出更多生物质。
In the early years it led to a paper presenting evidence that yes, under the same conditions, plots with more species of plants eventually tend to yield more biomass than plots with fewer species.
如果是使用生物阻抗电子秤，确认每次是在同样的条件下。水和作用，吸入的食物和皮肤温度能过影响体脂的测量。
If using a bioelectrical impedance scale, be sure to measure under the same circumstances each time. Hydration, food intake and skin temperature can affect body fat measurements.
我认为他们发现的新叶绿素分子是叶绿素分子的一个新的修饰，它展示了不同光条件下光合生物的灵活性。
I think what they found here is a new modification of chlorophyll that shows the flexibility of photosynthetic organisms to use whatever light is available.
他说，比如，科学家曾经在火星上的很多地方发现曾有液态水存在的证据，而这是生物生存的必要条件。
For example, scientists have found evidence that there could be liquid water-which is necessary for life on earth-at many places on the Mars.
不适当和不合理的药物使用为耐药微生物的出现和传播形成了有利的条件。
Inappropriate and irrational use of medicines provides favourable conditions for resistant microorganisms to emerge and spread.
如果是使用生物阻抗电子秤，确认每次是在同样的条件下。
If using a bioelectrical impedance scale, be sure to measure under the same circumstances each time.
生物学家认为细胞就像自动装置一样，毫无条件的服从指令。
Biologists thought of cells as automatons that blindly followed the orders they were given.
生物学家认为细胞就像自动装置一样，毫无条件的服从指令。
Biologists thought of cells as automatons that blindly followed the orders they were given.
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