心理干预对培养戒酒者的自尊心有很好的效果。
Mental intervention has good effect to cultivate self-esteem of abstainer.
而最让人震惊的问题是，戒酒者的死亡率要远远高于酗酒者。
The most shocking part? Abstainers' mortality rates are higher than those of heavy drinkers.
目的：探讨心理干预对提高戒酒者自尊心的效果。
Objective: to investigate the effect of mental intervention to elevate self-esteem of abstainer.
也许吧！不过司科根说这项研究不应该鼓励戒酒者变成喝酒者。
Maybe, but Skogen says he doesn't believe his study should encourage abstainers to become drinkers.
清教徒是绝对戒酒者，有的甚至连吸烟、跳舞都反对。
The Puritans are strict teetotalers, and some even disapprove of smoking and dancing.
清教徒是绝对戒酒者，有的甚至连吸烟、跳舞都要反对。
The Puritans are strict teetotallers, and some even disapprove of smoking and dancing.
再者，所有的这些与戒酒者相关的因素均显着预测死亡率。
Moreover, all of these factors that were associated with abstention significantly predicted mortality.
比起戒酒者来，女性与其他适度喝酒的人可能所受的教育更多、其健康意识更强。
Women and others who drink moderately may tend to be more educated and health-conscious than abstainers, he suggests.
实际上，根据一份1993年的调查，与绝对戒酒者相比，嗜酒者腰围大，肌肉少。
In fact, a 1993 study shows that alcoholic men have bigger waists and smaller muscles than teetotalers.
“只关注年龄和性别的话，戒酒者和酗酒在的死亡率最高，而适度饮酒者的死亡率是最低的。”霍拉汉说到。
"Controlling only for age and gender, mortality was highest among abstainers and heavy drinkers and lowest in moderate drinkers," Holahan said.
其他的疗法包括12步促进法，此法帮助酒精问题患者采用类似“戒酒者协会”(AA)的自助疗程。
Additional therapies include 12-step facilitation approaches that assist those with drinking problems in using self-help programs such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA).
谈这个话题时，我想起了我送一个病人去匿名戒酒者协会时，他说这个聚会差点把他当酗酒者给毁了。
Hammering on this topic reminds me how I once sent a patient to AA who told me that those meetings ruined him as an alcoholic.
辛格解释说，当戒酗酒的辅导员对待重犯酒瘾的戒酒者说：“你看，你并没有劣迹复发，你只是一时不慎。”
"When counselors treat addicts who have fallen off the wagon, they tell them, 'Look, you haven't relapsed, you've had a slip,'" explains Singer.
不过她说的倒是实话：自从我戒酒，不再去康复会，也不再去戒酒者互诫会，康复会和戒酒会的会员就一直在和我往来。
But what she had said was true: since I'd quit drinking, quit going to rehab, and quit going to AA meetings, the rehab participants and AA victims had taken to coming my way.
随着围绕着饮酒所可能带来的健康问题的争论还在继续，一项新的研究发现戒酒者和酗酒者所要承当的死亡风险比微量饮酒者要来的高。
While the debate over the possible health benefits of drinking continues to bubble, a new study finds that abstainers and heavy drinkers have a higher mortality risk than moderate drinkers.
作为一名戒酒成功者，她有一份工作，并自己管理收入。
A reformed alcoholic herself, she has a job and manages her own income.
而且并未发现接受酗酒者的标签与戒酒有任何联系。
And no association between accepting the label "alcoholic" and quitting drinking has been found.
科罗戈乔的天主教牧师举行了一场戒酒无名会，但在肯尼亚，同非洲其他地方一样，对恢复中的酗酒者提供帮助的呼声却很少。
Catholic priests in Korogocho host an alcoholics Anonymous meeting, but in Kenya, as elsewhere in Africa, state help for recovering alcoholics is rare.
有一次他的一个朋友在前述的斗殴中身亡，他因此发誓戒酒，成了个和平主义者。
When his friend got killed in one of the aforementioned barfights, he swore off the liquor, and became a pacifist.
但是我们大家都了解对酒精的依赖差事导致这些糟糕问题的原因。除非酗酒者戒酒，否则这些问题永远无法解决。
But what we all understand about the dependency of alcoholism is that however awful these problems, the alcoholic cannot begin to solve them until he solves his first problem--alcoholism.
他告诉他的追随者们戒酒，努力工作并存钱做自己的生意，还要重新获得他们种族的贵族感。
He told his followers to avoid alcohol, to work hard and save money, to own their own businesses, and to regain a sense of the nobility of their race.
如果饮酒者不能完全戒酒，心理医师能够帮助减少酒精用量，是问题最小化。
If the drinker is unable to resolve alcohol problems fully, a psychologist can help with reducing alcohol use and minimizing problems.
酗酒者不会因为每天少喝一点而变好，他们只有彻底戒酒后才能好转。
Alcoholics don't get better by drinking a little less each day. They can only recover when they stop completely.
尽管酗酒者每天都需要摄入一定酒精，但他们应该在医生指导下戒酒，而且在治疗期间需要药物治疗。
An alcoholic who needs to drink daily should stop their use of alcohol under the supervision of a physician, and may need medication during their withdrawal.
研究人士说，很多病人都想知道，做过心脏搭桥手术后是不是应该戒酒，这项研究的目的就是观察饮酒者和非饮酒者在这方面的临床结果。
The research ers said many patients had wondered if they should stop drinking after bypass surgery so a study was designed to look at clinical outcomes among drinkers and non-drinkers.
有些人远离饮酒，就像戒酒主义者米尔纳和亨德森一样，有些则不是，像哈特和亚当约翰逊。
Some get it straight away, like the teetotal James Milner and Jordan Henderson, and some not so much, like Joe Hart and Adam Johnson.
预防措施包括对饮酒者的早期干预教育，尤其是劝告孕妇戒酒。
Preventive measure include early intervening education in patients' alcohol drinking, especially advising pregnant women stopped alcohol drinking.
根据“患病后戒酒”的假设，一些因病而戒酒的禁酒者可能有某些宿疾，这可以解释其相对于适量饮酒者而出现的高风险。
According to the "sick quitter" hypothesis, some abstainers who quit drinking due to illness may have pre-existing disease that could explain their higher risk relative to moderate drinkers.
根据“患病后戒酒”的假设，一些因病而戒酒的禁酒者可能有某些宿疾，这可以解释其相对于适量饮酒者而出现的高风险。
According to the "sick quitter" hypothesis, some abstainers who quit drinking due to illness may have pre-existing disease that could explain their higher risk relative to moderate drinkers.
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