但是这一模型假设极端价格波动的概率是可忽略的，而在现实当中，股票价格的剧烈波动远比假设的情形要频繁。
But it assumes that the probability of extreme price changes is negligible, when in reality, stock prices are much jerkier than this.
知情人士表示，嘉能可和贡沃尔也认为，在2010年初，价格上涨概率不大。两家公司均拒绝置评。
Glencore and Gunvor also see little upside for prices in early 2010, said people familiar with their trading views. Both declined to comment.
一项来自美国新的研究表明，从饮食和补充剂中增加钙的摄入量可降低妇女患大肠癌高达23%的概率。
Increased intakes of calcium from the diet and supplements may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer by up to 23 per cent in women, says a new study from the US.
此应用是基于马尔可夫随机场的新特性：势团势能，初始节点的概率密度。
It is based on the markov random field with new features, such as clique potential, initial nodes probability density.
近日一项牛津大学的研究显示，母乳喂养多于四个月者，可减少5岁儿童问题行为发生概率。
ScienceDaily (May 11, 2011) -breastfeeding for four months or more is associated with fewer behavioural problems in children at age 5, an Oxford University study suggests.
这些措施主要为了减少摄取或吸入可释放β射线的物质的概率。
These measures are mainly aimed at reducing the potential for inhaling or ingesting beta-emitting radioactive material.
根据逐段决定马尔可夫过程具有马氏性和强马氏性，本文推导出了在古典风险模型下绝对破产概率的一个明确表达式。
In this paper, we deduced the explicit expression of the absolute ruin probability for classical risk model by using of the Markov property and strong Markov property of PDMP.
应用马尔可夫过程回答给定地震次数下房屋处于各种破坏状态下的概率、达到某一给定破坏状态之前房屋所能承受的地震次数等实际问题。
The problems of the probability of buildings under the earthquake damages and the buildings born the earthquake events before the certain damage state are solved by the application of Markov process.
当发现潜艇的兵力通过无线电向突击兵力报告潜艇坐标时，对其实施无线电通信干扰可降低潜艇被毁伤的概率。
When the military strength finding the submarine reports the coordinate of submarine to shock military strength, the communication jamming against it can reduce probability of submarine destroy.
由于遗传算法是在解空间的多个区域内进行搜索，能以较大的概率跳出局部最优，因此可找到整体最优解。
As the genetic algorithms method can be used to search in various regions of a solution space, and to jump out of partial optimization by a greater probability to achieve an overall optimization.
对较小的变量数计算了可满足概率，所得的结论与以往的结果一致。
When number of variables is not big, computing result of the satisfiable probability is consistent with the previous facts.
通过借助立方体空间预分发多项式，基于立方体的密钥预分发方案可同时具有较高的安全连通概率和安全阀值。
Using the cube space to pre-distribute polynomials, the cube-based scheme achieves high probability of security link and high security threshold as well.
通过自动变速器故障现象及原因表、故障原因概率图，可实现自动变速器故障的快速诊断。
The fast diagnosis of the troubles in automatic transmissions can be carried out by means of trouble phenomenon and cause lists and trouble cause probability graph.
马尔可夫预测法是应用概率论中马尔可夫链的理论和方法来研究分析有关经济数据的变化规律，并由此预测未来变化趋势的一种方法。
Markov prediction is a method of applying Markov chains' theory and method in probability theory to studying and analyzing laws of change of economic data and hence predicting the future tendency.
在对随机事元可拓性研究的基础上给出了随机事元的拓展概率的概念。
And the concept of the extension probability of random event element was also given on the basis of the study of the extension of random event element.
引入了随机物元的概念，建立了随机事件的物元模型，提出了可拓数学中可拓事件与可拓概率的概念。
The concepts of the random matter elements, the matter element models of the random events and the concepts of extension events and extension probability in extension mathematics are introduce.
基于站点上下客人数，采用简单概率分布模型，可提出反推公交站点间的OD分布矩阵的具体方法。
Based on the passenger boarding and alighting data, simple probability distribution model is used to propose the specific methods of calculating inversely the transit stop od distribution matrix.
在一种新的准则概率阈值准则下讨论马尔可夫决策的最优解的算法问题。
The arithmetic problem of Markov optimum solution under a new principle named probability threshold value principle is discussed.
为了评定一个布置有诱饵的雷达阵地抗反辐射导弹（ARM）攻击的防御效能，提出了采用马尔可夫链的转移概率矩阵进行计算的方法。
To evaluate the defense effectiveness of a radar site with decoys against the attack of ARM, a calculation method based on the transfer probability matrix of the Markov link is given.
研究结果证明，该牵引馈线负荷概率模型可准确描述牵引馈线有功功率和无功功率的统计特性。
The proposed traction feeder load probability model can be used to describe the statistical characteristics of the active and reactive power of the traction feeder accurately.
综合应用概率论和可信性理论对随机和可认知混合不确定性参数进行建模，提出了基于概率论和可信性理论的不确定性设计方法。
The method of the uncertainty design using probability theory and credibility theory have been presented, which provides us with a useful modeling tool for random and epistemic parameter uncertainty.
通过运用灰色预测方法和马尔可夫概率矩阵预测对装备保障社会化的人力资源需求量建立了研究模型。
The model of Equipment Support Socialization Human Resource Forecast by grey forecasting method and Markov probability matrix forecasting are set up.
最大熵马尔可夫通过改变概率转移函数，使得状态的转移与输入值以及前一状态相联系，很好地体现了序列的上下文信息。
MEMM change the probability function of the transition, so the current state is related to its previous state, and the context information is represented.
通过对QBD过程某些条件的限定，应用马尔可夫更新定理，得出在一定合理的条件下，当水平趋于无穷时的尾概率的几何衰变。
Applying the Markov renewal theorem, it is shown that certain reasonable conditions of the QBD process lead to the geometric decay of the tail probabilities as the level goes to infinity.
当人为差错概率是时间的函数时，用此模型可预测未来某一时刻有人为差错系统可能发生事故的危险性。
If the probability of human errors is the function of time, these models can be used to predict the hazard possibility of the system at any given time in the future.
经检验，两模型可预测流域旱涝灾害发生的时间及其概率，并具有较高的精度。
The probability of the event predicted can be given by Markov Model. The precision is satisfiable.
文中导出了用初始裂纹长度的分布及马尔可夫转移概率密度函数计算给定时刻裂纹长度分布的积分公式。
The distribution function of crack length at given time can be calculated by integration of the initial crack length distribution and the transition function of Markoff process.
规避风险，可以从改变风险后果的性质和降低风险发生概率等方面采取多种对策，主要可采取风险减轻、预防、转移、回避、接受和储备等6项措施。
Evade risk can start with changing risk property of consequence and reduce risk take place probability, and take 6 measures to lighten, prevent, shift, avoid, accept and store the risk.
砂轮本身的结构特点可保证高点磨削的实现，而磨削等概率性则依赖于：生坯球合适的自旋速度及自旋轴方向的随机变化。
The structure of grinding wheels can realize high point grinding, and the good grinding equiprobability lies on a proper spinning speed and the random variation of the spinning axis.
研究了2维隐马尔可夫模型的三个基本问题，包括概率评估问题、最优状态问题和参数估计问题。
The three basic problems of two-dimensional (2-d) hidden Markov models (HMMs) are studied, including probability evaluation, optimal states and parameter estimation.
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