简而言之，对两位科学哲学家，战略管理都不能被视为一种真正的科学范式或研究纲领。

In short, to both philosophers of science, strategic management should not be seen as a genuinely scientific paradigm or research programme.

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但是最佳的工作效率管理方法通常同时使用两种方法：战略用来架构行动的纲领，而战术用来指导如何行动。

But the best productivity systems use both approaches, with the strategy providing a framework for action and the tactics defining those actions.

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当然的是，在地球人类让作出上述两项“自行消亡”的实践前，就已经构建起统一的地球人类社会的管理纲领、管理组织和管理具体措施。

Of course, in earth humanity to make the above two "die" by the practice before the earth had built up a unified management program of human society, management organization and management measures.

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