...行竞赛，来了解本公司的不足之处，甚至经由模仿优良制度来加快公司治理层级的提升，本研究将此称为竞争效果(competition effect)。
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反垄断法规制纵向一体化的目的在于禁止那些大幅度提高市场集中度，或带来反竞争效果的纵向一体化。
The aim of law regulate vertical integration is that prohibited the vertical integration enhanced market centralized bring more anti-monopoly effect.
反垄断法适用豁免制度的形成根源于三个因素：即垄断的直接经济效率性、垄断的竞争效果和公共利益。
The formation of the exemption in the application of antitrust law is due to three factors: the direct economic effectiveness of monopoly, the competitive effect of monopoly, and the public interest.
专利法适用于组织成员故意不履行披露义务的行为虽然已经构成专利权滥用，但还未造成限制市场竞争效果的情形。
The patent law is applicable to the action described in the article constitutes patent abuse, but has not caused the result of anti-competition.
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