某项经济活动在一定空间上对周围经济主体造成的额外受益或损失。
考虑到外部空间的流动性，如果大堂坐落在北侧，自然光的流入将变得困难。
The inflow of the natural light becomes difficult if a main hall is located at the north side, considering the flow of an external space.
从外部看，体量的外观似乎暗淡和笨重，与内部空间明亮和动态的开放性形成对照。
The seemingly opaque and heavy appearance of the volume from the exterior is contrasted with the luminous and dynamic openness of the interior spaces.
新古典经济学的规模经济概念在理论上的主要缺陷在于未能将外部性和空间因素考虑进去。
The major theoretic flaw of the conception of scale economy in new classical economics lies in no considering the externalism and spatial factor.
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