他们在20世纪80年代晚期发现，尽管一串线性氨基酸可以在试管中折叠成特定的三维形状，但蛋白质自身不能在细胞内完成这一过程。

In the late 1980s, they discovered that although a linear string of amino acids can fold into its proper three-dimensional shape in a test tube, the protein cannot do this on its own within a cell.

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有大量的研究表明它们并不是很好的标志物，因为甲胎蛋白和其他两个标志物也仅仅在晚期癌症表达更加常见。

There is a good deal of data to suggest that they are not very good markers because alpha fetoprotein and these other two markers are also more common and more commonly expressed in advanced cancers.

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妊娠中期的后期和妊娠晚期产检时血压和尿蛋白测量对先兆子痫的诊断很重要。

Measurement of blood pressure and urine protein at regular intervals in the late second and third trimesters is critical for diagnosis of preeclampsia.

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