即风险管理策略和要求。
在欧洲,2008年整整一年内没有任何“高产出”(即风险)债券发行。
In Europe, there were no high-yield (meaning risky) bond issues in the whole of 2008.
所以,人们总是讨论,即风险收益,而且有很多人试图建立风险收益系统。
VAR So, people talk about VAR, value at risk, and lots of people try and build VAR systems.
These risks spring from the fact that philosophy teaches us and unsettles us by confronting us with what we already know.
这风险源自于以下事实,即哲学就是让我们面对自己熟知的事物,然后引导并动摇我们原有的认知。
The idea of risk, that economic risks can be pooled, is an intuitive one that has occurred to people throughout history.
风险理论,即认为经济风险可以分摊,是历史过程中,人们逐渐发现的理论。
It's like a fourth asset but we're using a special feature of this asset: that it has no risk.
如同第四种资产,我们将利用这个资产的特性:,即无风险特性。
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