科学早就通过测量、观察和实验告诉我们宇宙中有四种力:电磁力、强相互作用力、弱相互作用力和万有引力。
Science has shown us through measurement, observation and experimentation that there are four forces in the Universe: electromagnetism, strong interaction, weak interaction and gravitation.
给出引力的作用规律和关于物质分布的假设后,下一步是得出宇宙的动力学规律——空间和质量如何与时间相互作用。
Given a law of gravity and an assumption about how the matter is distributed, the next step is to work out the dynamics of the universe - how space and the matter in it evolves with time.
新模型将用作真实世界间的相互作用模拟,或者可称之为团性模拟,即使北极冰面,大气层,洋面,和江河携带的大量淡水间的互动关系作用。
The new model is designed to replicate real-world interactions, or "couplings", between the Arctic ocean, the atmosphere, the sea ice and rivers carrying freshwater into the sea.
But the interaction between God and humans, he says, happens not through nature but through history.
但是上帝和人类的相互作用,通过历史而不是自然而产生。
So, let's think of the energy of interaction when we're comparing atomic orbitals to molecular bonding orbitals.
当我们比较原子轨道和分子轨道的时候,我们来考虑一下相互作用能。
And what I am going to do is say start with this ion, add up the energy associated with the interactions between that ion and everybody else in the row and then multiply it by Avogadro's number, because that is the number of atoms there are in a row.
接下来我要从这一离子开始,加上相互作用的能量,也就是这一离子,和其它所有在这一行的离子之间的能量,再乘以阿伏加德罗常数,因为这是在一行的原子的数量。
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