在钻井过程中，如果钻遇高渗层，且井底压力低于地层压力，地层流体就会进入井眼，当进入井眼流体量达到一定程度，则为井涌。
... pressure kick 压力跳动；井涌 pressure level of sound 声音的压强级 pressure level-off 压力趋于稳定 ...
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The area of Southwest Oil & Gas filed has a very complicated geological feature. The bad circulation loss or well kick occurs easily in drilling or cementing after meeting the absorption formations of low pressure, leakage zones or creviced formation.
由于西南油气田分公司所属区块地质情况复杂,经常会钻遇低压易渗漏、漏失层或浅表裂缝性等地层,容易发生严重的井漏或井涌事故。
参考来源 - 液氮泡沫水泥固井工艺及施工技术研究·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
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