Mr. Miller adds that those derivatives, even today, are taking up a lot of time and energy.

米勒先生补充说，这些金融衍生产品直到今天还在花费大量的时间和精力。

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This was concluded to apply fair value and mark-to-market approach in recognition of profit and loss on those derivatives deals.

总结是以公允值和市价调整法，处理交易利润和损失的确认问题。

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Today's complex derivatives are direct descendants of those early currency trades.

今天的复杂金融衍生物就是这些早期货币交易的后代。

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It would be interesting to hear how those derivatives actually performed between early 2011 and today.

FORBES: Freddie Mac Bets Against Refinancing? Or Just Higher Rates?

You see, the credit crunch had almost nothing at all to do with those derivatives, the options and futures, that we value using the Black-Scholes equation.

FORBES: Black-Scholes Didn't Cause the Financial Crash

They were eliminated when, at Summers' instigation, Clinton signed off on the Commodity Futures Modernization Act, which summarily banned any regulation of those derivatives under any existing law or by any agency.

NPR: The Nation: So Long Summers, Thanks For Nothing