Some suggest replacing corporate and sovereign ratings with credit-default-swap prices, but these too can be procyclical.

一些人提议用信用违约互换的价格来替代公司和主权信用评级，但其同样也会扩大经济波动。

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And even if there was a downgrade of U.S. sovereign ratings, Patrick Chovanec from Tsinghua University says it probably wouldn't change that much.

即使美国的主权信用评级降低，清华大学的帕特里克·裘万尼认为这可能对上述债务影响不大。

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But a European Commission draft paper on credit-rating agencies does propose that, in some circumstances, they should be barred from changing their sovereign ratings.

但欧盟对信用评级机构做出的一份草案显示，在某些状况下，各信用评级机构不应对主权债务评级进行调整。

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Some suggest replacing corporate and sovereign ratings with credit-default-swap prices, but these too can be procyclical.

ECONOMIST: Reducing reliance on ratings is a worthy goal, but not easy

The ratings agency Moody's Investor Services has upgraded Pakistan's sovereign ratings to stable from negative.

BBC: Pakistan ratings upgraded

Meanwhile Moody's Investor Services said there was no imminent threat to the triple-A sovereign ratings of Britain and the United States for the time being.

FORBES: Europe Markets Brief