Mr. Kroeber does not expect the RMB to gain enough value to cause “large-scale havoc” for exporters.

葛先生并不期望人民币获得足够高的升值，这样会使得出口贸易商受到大规模的损害。

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Companies making those things, however, will not be able to operate in traditional ways, Mr. Kroeber warns.

然而，这样做的公司将无法再按照传统模式运作，克鲁伯先生提醒道。

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"That will take five or 10 years," says Kroeber, "and it will depend on improvements in the social services."

“这将需要五到十年时间”，葛先生认为，“并有赖于社会服务的改善。”

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Even these robust retail sales understate the strength of consumer spending, says Arthur Kroeber of Dragonomics, a Beijing-based economic research firm.

ECONOMIST: China's households are not as tight-fisted as you think

Overall, Dragonomics's Mr Kroeber thinks that GDP growth in the year to the first quarter of 2009 was not significantly overstated.

ECONOMIST: Is China overstating its true rate of growth?

"I think the leadership may be looking at the recent performance and over-estimating how good they really have done, " said Arthur Kroeber, managing director of the research firm Dragonomics.

BBC: China to address economic imbalance