...而且这些变异主要发生在干扰素治疗期间，大多数变异在停药后都保留下来了，提示这些变异可能对HCV的病毒适应性（viral fitness）影响不大，但却能够帮助HCV在干扰素治疗压力下生存，有可能是治疗失败的关键因素。
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第二种机制是一个渐进的适应性变异过程，在这一过程中，伴随人类受到感染，病毒与人体细胞相结合的能力增加了。
The second mechanism is a more gradual process of adaptive mutation, whereby the capability of the virus to bind to human cells increases during subsequent infections of humans.
每增加一例人间病例增强了该病毒通过适应性突变或重组提高其可传播性的机会。
Each additional human case increases opportunities for the virus to improve its transmissibility, through either adaptive mutation or reassortment.
适应性免疫被认为是对具体的细菌，病毒，真菌和寄生虫的反应，而先天免疫一向被认为是身体对所有致病威胁的一般反应。
Whereas adaptive immunity is thought to be a response to specific bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, innate immunity has always been seen as the body's general response to all threats of disease.
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