第二种机制是一个渐进的适应性变异过程，在这一过程中，伴随人类受到感染，病毒与人体细胞相结合的能力增加了。
The second mechanism is a more gradual process of adaptive mutation, whereby the capability of the virus to bind to human cells increases during subsequent infections of humans.
每增加一例人间病例增强了该病毒通过适应性突变或重组提高其可传播性的机会。
Each additional human case increases opportunities for the virus to improve its transmissibility, through either adaptive mutation or reassortment.
适应性免疫被认为是对具体的细菌，病毒，真菌和寄生虫的反应，而先天免疫一向被认为是身体对所有致病威胁的一般反应。
Whereas adaptive immunity is thought to be a response to specific bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, innate immunity has always been seen as the body's general response to all threats of disease.
陈冯富珍说：“下一场大流行将通过[病毒的]适应性突变而发生。
The next pandemic will occur through adaptive mutations [in the virus].
目前尚无迹象表明病毒通过从人身上转移到猪身上而出现适应性。
There is no indication of virus adaptation through transfer from human to pigs at this time.
系统生物学的方法，正在越来越多地应用于宿主-病原体相互作用的探索，包括病毒感染先天免疫和适应性免疫的影响。
Systems biology approaches are being increasingly applied to the exploration of host-pathogen interactions, including the impact of viral infection on innate and adaptive immunity.
《国际肝病》：宿主和病毒因素都参与了慢性HCV感染以及固有和适应性免疫应答逃避。
Hepatology Digest: Both host and viral factors are involved in chronic HCV infection, and escape from innate and adaptive immune responses.
一个竞争性的理论是诱变药物通过降低对负面价值的适应性而根除病毒或细菌群体。
A competing theory is that a mutagenesis drug may eradicate a virus or bacterial population by reducing the fitness to negative values.
随着新的RNA病毒的不断出现，人们对RNA病毒的适应性变异问题越来越关注。
As new RNA viruses and their new variants are found continually, more and more attention is being paid on the adaptive variants of RNA viruses.
研究结果初步揭示了ZYMV作为单链RNA病毒通过与寄主相互作用而表现寄主适应性变异的趋势。
Our results showed that the trend of ZYMV variation for its rapid adoption for fitness of the ecological condition, especially to host interaction by mutation of its genomic RNA.
研究结果初步揭示了ZYMV作为单链RNA病毒通过与寄主相互作用而表现寄主适应性变异的趋势。
Our results showed that the trend of ZYMV variation for its rapid adoption for fitness of the ecological condition, especially to host interaction by mutation of its genomic RNA.
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