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You say, "Whoa, what is this?" Kant makes a distinction between the purposive and the purposeful. What is the distinction?
我咧个去，这货说的是啥？，其实康德将,“合目的性“和“目的性“做了比较，什么比较呢？
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Kant calls it "purposiveness"--that is to say, the way in which the thing is organized according to some sort of guiding pattern.
康德称之为，“合目的性“，也就是说，依据某种引导型结构,组织事物的方式。
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I mean it's understandable-- this was before 1879 which was when Red Cliff was founded, and long before Harvard became co-ed.
这是可以理解的-,那是1879年之前，雷德克利夫学院还没成立，远在哈佛成为男女合校之前。
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So you can think about how these 2 things combined are going to be electronegativity, which is a measure of how much an atom wants to pull electron density away from another atom.
因此你可以想象出,这两样性质合起来就是电负性，也就是一个度量，关于一个原子,有多希望把另一个原子的电子密度拉过来的。
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Are we out? Yeah, there are a couple more, and if you don't have one you can share.
分完了吗？好，这里还有一些，如果还没拿到的同学可以合看一份。
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You can think of electron affinity as sort of the ionization in reverse of the ion.
电子亲合,是离子化的逆过程。
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And we can just extrapolate in a straight line We before saw some examples where I had an algorithm to generate points, and we fit a curve to it, used the curve to predict future points and discovered it was nowhere close.
我们可以干脆用一条直线来描述它,我们之前看到在一些例子中,我用一个算法去生成一些点，然后用一条曲线对它进行拟合，然后用这条曲线来预测未来的点,最后却发现结果完全不对。
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You can certainly get in here and move and flow and go with the beat here.
当然可以在这里,合着节拍,翩翩起舞
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When Tiamat opened her mouth to consume him, He drove in the Evil Wind that she closes not her lips.
当Tiamat张开大口想要毁灭他的时候，他操纵邪风，使她没办法合上嘴唇。
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And these are the qualities taken together that Socrates calls justice, that can only be achievedwhen reason is in control of the appetites and desires.
而这些特质合在一起,便是苏格拉底所谓的正义，达成的方法,仅有透过由理性控制欲望与渴求。
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Close your computer so you can get up without destroying thousands of dollars of technology.
合上你的电脑 这样你站起来不会,弄坏这个价值数千美元的高科技产品
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Whatever the rules were before, they're off when we get into the Peloponnesian War.
无论以前的规则是怎样的,在伯罗奔尼撒战争中都不再合时宜
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That's not very many people and they must be accredited investors.
人数并不算多,但这99人必须是合资格投资者
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A state where it's closed, so imagine a channel with a lid on top of it; when it's closed nothing can go through the channel, when it's open then things can go through.
一种是闭合状态,想想一个有盖子的通道吧,当盖子合上的时候任何东西都不能通过,而打开时就畅通无阻
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And so, if you rewind the tape and play it again over and over and over again, each time you set things up the very same way they must move or transform or change or end up in the very same state.
所以,如果你将一盘磁带,反反复复地播放,每次你播放的内容,从头到尾的起承转合一定是,绝对一致的
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As he writes, The Astonishing Hypothesis is that: You, your joys and your sorrows, your memories and your ambitions, your sense of personal identity and free will are in fact no more than the behavior of a vast assembly of nerve cells and their associated molecules.
正如他在其著作《惊人的假说》中写到,你,你的喜悦,悲伤,回忆,抱负,你对人格同一性的感知,你的自由意志,事实上,这一切都不过,是大量神经细胞集,与其缔合分子的生理反应而已
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Then you agree this will be the same f but pointing that way.
这个力合 f 大小一样只是方向不同
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I could even make it out of steel versus aluminum.
甚至可以用刚合铝来做。
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The downbeat in the music comes with the down motion of the hand.
音乐的重拍,合着手势,下摆
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I want it or I disapprove of it and, lo and behold, it's no longer aesthetic. I'll come back to that in a moment, but I hope you can see that that is a distinction between the purposive and the purposeful.
我会产生想法，比如想得到它还是觉得它恶心，你瞧，这样一来就不只是纯审美问题了，我一会儿再回来讲，但是我希望你们现在可以区分,“合目的性“和“目的性“这两个概念了，它们是有区别的。
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You ask, what is an accredited investor?
你们会问,怎样才算是合资格投资者呢
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They are all bound.
电子都被键合在一起。
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So with that said, perhaps just to add to that, the fourth passage: "Beauty is the form of the purposiveness of an object so far as it is perceived in it without any representation of a purpose."
所以据上所述，啊，再加一点，现在看，第四篇文章：，“美是事物存在的目的,尽管这种合目的性并不是显而易见的，你可能要问了“
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So that's Kant's famous distinction between the purposive, which is the organization of an aesthetic object, and the purposeful, which is the organization of any object insofar as it goes to work in the world or for us.
所以康德的著名理论，关于区分美学意义上的“合目的性“,和存在意义上,服务于我们的“目的性“
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I think it's very hard to raise the definition of accredited investors because the minute you do that you're closing large numbers of people out from their ability to invest in hedge funds and they don't like that; they feel insulted, so there was a lot of angry reaction.
我认为要提高,合资格投资者的门槛很难,因为一旦实施,大量的投资者将被拒之门外,这些有能力投资对冲基金的人们,可不会开心,他们会觉得被侮辱了并因此而恼怒
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That's a really good question because if I open this up, why wouldn't it just reform with itself, why would it want to have this in here?
这是个很好的问题,如果我把质粒打开,为什么它不会自己合上,为什么它会与DNA片段重组呢
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But the purposiveness of the object is the way in which it is sufficient unto itself.
而“合目的性“只得是事物对,其自身而言的。
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And a sigma bond forms any time you have two orbitals coming together and interacting on that internuclear axis.
当你把两个轨道合在一起,并在核间轴上有相互作用时,就形成了sigma键。
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It is a form. It is a form and that form, because we can see it has structure and because we can see it has organization and complexity, is purposive.
它是一种形态，它之所以是一种形态，是因为我们可以看到它外在的形状,以及它复杂的结构，这就是“合目的性“
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s plus 1s gives you this oval ellipsoid which is the bonding, and here are the antibonding, and then these are the energy levels that I have been drawing for you.
s和1s上两个电子组成的键合电子成椭圆形,这是成键，这是反键电子，这些是刚刚已经画过的能级,我也给你们画了。
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