Professor John Rogers: Milton is typically cited by literary historians as one of the first major English poets to praise in verse the institution of marriage.
约翰·罗格斯教授:文学家们说弥尔顿,是英国早期诗人中,赞美婚姻制度的一员。
And we challenge ourselves to do the system design so that we responsibly took into account all of the dimensions that we talked about at the beginning.
我们通过做这个,制度设计挑战自我,以便于充分考虑,我们最初谈到的,所有方面。
So does that psychological hierarchy translate itself into a kind of social hierarchy ? between different kinds of people?
所以那种心理阶级制度,是否能转译为,介于不同人种间的社会阶级制度?
To say that there is evil in any institution is only to say that it is a human institution."
如果说邪恶一定存在于某一种制度中,那一定是在人们心中
The example, and the ideas it produced, encouraged and informed the French and the American revolutions, and the entire modern constitutional tradition.
这次革命和它的理念,促成了,法国和美国的大革命,并使现代宪法制度得以发展
This is a bit more of a distinctly Roman institution, even a legal institution.
更像是罗马的制度,甚至法律制度。
There are various arrangements, social arrangements, that can be just or unjust to varying degrees.
存在各种不同的制度,社会制度,它们在不同程度上是正义的或不正义的
And, to some extent, these have been shaped by an adherence to behaviorist principles.
从某种程度上说,这些制度就是根据行为主义原则而建立的。
It's natural in the sense that we have a fundamental unalienable right that there be property, that the institution of property exist and be respected by the government.
自然权利是说财产权是基本的不可剥夺的,正因为它是这样的权利,所以有产权制度存在,并被政府所尊重。
There were no strict rules for the succession of the czar.
当时还没有严格的沙皇继承制度
The natural hierarchy, then, seems to be a sort of hierarchy of intelligence or at least a hierarchy of the rational.
自然的阶级制度,似乎是一种智慧的阶级制度,或至少是理性的阶级制度。
Even in Aristotle's time, it appears slavery was a controversial institution and elicited very different kinds of opinions and responses.
就算是在亚里士多德的年代,奴役已经是争议性的制度,且引起了,十分不同的意见与响应。
Every advanced country in the world has a system that provides for this, including the United States, incidentally.
世界上每一个发达国家,顺便一提,包括美国在内,都有应对这些情况的制度。
In the United States we did not have a central bank until 1913 when we created the Federal Reserve System.
在美国,我们直到1913年,创立了联邦储备银行制度。
Basel 1988 was an effort to make sophisticated risk management requirements for banks that relied on more modern, as of 1988, financial theory.
988年的巴塞尔协议就是致力于,在当时最新的金融理论基础之上,建立成熟完善的银行风险管理制度
But a framework in which to understand it is that pro-slavery ideology was, at its heart, a kind of deeply conservative, organic worldview.
支撑奴隶制度思想体系的框架,若要去理解这副框架的话,其核心,是某种极度传统,接近自然的世界观
There is an institution called the "gold standard" now totally and completely gone everywhere in the world.
这里有一个机构叫做“金本位制度“,现在完全在,世界各地遍及。
That's not what the American constitution is about, but it was what the Greek constitutions were about.
美国宪法并非如此,但希腊史上的宪法制度却是如此的
Under the gold standard your dollar bill represented so many ounces of gold and you were supposed to be able to always get that gold.
在金本位制度下,你的纸币表示着,很多盎司的金子,并且你可以一直兑换那些金子。
What happened in the 1930s was that one country after another abandoned the gold standard.
在二十世纪三十年代发生的是,一个接连一个的国家放弃了,金本位制度。
The gold standard was a success in the sense that the price of gold stayed constant because that's what the whole system was designed to do.
金本位制度是一个成功,因为金子的价值保持不变,并且这也是,人们当初对这设计整个系统的意图所在。
Anyway, I want then to move on to the topic of today's lecture, Insurance is the other side of the risk management institutions that we have.
下面开始今天这节课的主题,保险是我们现有的另一种,风险管理制度
The Federal Reserve System was a gold standard institution like the Bank of England.
当时的联邦储备系统是一个,像英格兰银行一样的金本位制度的机构。
The United States dropped it in 1933 and other countries did it later.
然后1933年,美国放弃了金本位制度3,其他国家也在此之后也相继放弃。
As it's evolved in modern times, the corporation has a charter or bylaws.
而如今,这些关系得到了改进,公司有了许可证和规章制度
It seems to me to be evident that whatever it's other characteristics, the West has created institutions of government and law that provide unprecedented freedom for its people.
在我看来,很显然,就算各国国情千秋百态,但西方建立的政府机构与设立的法律制度,都给与其治下的公民史无前例的自由
And notice how ordinary empirical social arrangements fall short of perfect justice.
并且意识到普通的现实社会制度,是多么的缺乏完美的正义
What we do have we should be thankful for, it's very important.
我们应该为已有的制度感到欣慰,因为它非常重要。
Financial markets similar to ours are being set up in many places.
很多地区都建立了与我们类似的金融市场制度
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