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That's what this whole theory is about, how to get a lot of expected return without getting a lot of risk.
整个金融理论的中心,就是如何获得高收益,同时降低风险
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You reduce a lot of the health risks, if you exercise often.
如果你经常运动的话，它会帮你降低许多健康问题的风险。
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For any given level of return, you can reduce the risk; for any given level of risk, you can increase the return; sounds pretty good.
给定回报率,可以降低风险,给定风险水平,可以提高回报率,听上去不错
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And then not surprisingly, vegetables and fish, and there is research as well showing that moderate alcohol intake is linked to lower risk of heart disease.
接下来是蔬菜和鱼,这并不足为奇,还有研究表明,适量饮酒可以降低心脏病的患病风险
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Risk pooling means they put a lot of people with independent or low-correlated risk into a pool and reduce the risk for the whole pool.
风险汇聚即,将独立或相关性小的风险汇聚起来,以降低整体风险
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Insurance relies on this theory of risk pooling but it has to make it work.
保险是基于风险汇聚理论的,并运用其有效降低风险
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But, the real technology is-- the technology that works to eliminate risks is to spread them out, to pool them, to share them among many different people.
但是真正的技术-,能够降低风险,通过风险汇聚，将风险分散，让很多人共同承担。
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So tens or hundreds of millions of dollars would go into a study like this by the time it was completed, money that could have been used for other things, to test whether eating a low fat diet would reduce risk for breast cancer.
数以百万计的美元,投入到这样的研究,当研究结束时,本可以用来做其他事情的钱,被用来检测是否低脂膳食,可降低患乳腺癌风险
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The reason it's low is that we do have,what I think is, superior diversification and that really lowers the University's risk.
我认为耶鲁beta系数低的原因是,我们有卓越的多元化投资,这确实降低了耶鲁资产的风险
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One of the hypotheses that was being tested in this particular study was that a low-fat diet would reduce a woman's risk for breast cancer.
其中一个,在研究中被检验的假设是,低脂膳食,有助于降低妇女患乳腺癌的风险
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Oil, bonds, and stocks are all independent-- somewhat independent--they're not perfectly independent, but they're somewhat independent and, to the extent that they are, it lowers the variance.
石油，债券和股票都是互相独立-,一定程度上独立，不是绝对的独立，但一定程度上独立，可以使方差值变小，降低风险。
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