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We have already encountered on some level the importance of the figure of eating to John Milton. Think of Comus.
我们已经在某种程度上见识到了,对于弥尔顿来说吃的形象的重要性，想想司酒宴之神。
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Now you also may remember that we have already run into Spenser's Mammon before this point, before Paradise Lost.
现在你们可能也记得我们已经,在遇到《失乐园》之前就与斯潘塞的贪欲之神相遇了。
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May no fate willfully misunderstand me And half grant what I wish and snatch me away not to return.
别来个命运之神，故意曲解我,只成全我愿望的一半，把我卷了走。
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In fact, in the book of Judges, you will read of a temple to Israel's God, the God of the Covenant, and that temple is called the Temple to the God of the Covenant or Baal Berit.
事实上，《士师记》中，你会读到祭祀以色列神的庙，订立契约的上帝，这座庙叫做,契约之神庙或者太阳神巴力之约。
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It has to do with the god Hermes who conveyed language to man, who was in a certain sense, among many other functions, the god of communication, and hermeneutics is, after all, obviously about communication.
它与赫耳墨斯，即教给人类语言的神祇有关，从某种意义上来说，赫耳墨斯是沟通之神，所以诠释学显然和沟通交流有关。
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It's the passage from Spenser's cave of Mammon canto that describes this same scene of violation, the violation of mother earth.
这是斯潘塞笔下描写贪神之洞的长诗的篇章,它描述了对于大地母亲粗暴冒犯的场景。
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Edmund Spenser in the Faerie Queene does not bring Sir Guyon with his palmer through the cave of Mammon.
埃蒙德·斯潘塞在《仙后》中并没有让盖恩,带着朝圣者穿越贪婪之神的洞穴。
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They are individual creatures who seem really to be in hell just as they seem really to have been in heaven; but the figures of Sin and Death, they are entirely different animals.
他们是独立的生灵，身处于地狱,也曾经生活在天堂;,但是罪恶之神和死神却是两个完全不同的生物。
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Now I asked you to read for today, and I'm hoping you remember some of the reading, the canto from Spenser's Faerie Queene that features the cave of Mammon.
现在我要求你们为今天的课阅读，且我希望你们能从中记住一些东西，斯潘塞的长诗《仙后》，这篇描写了贪欲之神的洞穴。
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There are of course, important ways in which Israel's use of the storm god motif diverges from that of other Ancient Near Eastern stories.
当然，犹太人对暴风之神主题的利用,和古代东方的故事，在很多方面有很大的不同。
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Like Milton's Sin, Spenser's Errour is half woman, half serpent, and in a lot of ways she embodies the very problem of religious error.
像弥尔顿笔下的罪恶之神，斯潘塞笔下的“错误“是一位，一半女人一半毒蛇的怪物，她从各个方面具体化了宗教错误。
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Alpheus is also the god of erotic pastoral poetry, it turns out, and this god is literally gone underground during the terrifying appearance of Saint Peter.
阿尔甫斯也是描写爱欲的诗歌之神，从诗句上来看，这位神灵在圣彼得面前,悄无声息的隐匿了踪影。
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God is depicted as a warrior, who leads his host , the Lord of hosts in battle.
上帝被描述为武士，他带领军队战斗，他是战争中军队之神。
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It rejects the pagan idea of a realm beyond the deity, the source of mythology and magic. The affirmation that the will of God is supreme and absolutely free is a new and non-pagan category of thought".
这推翻了异教中的观点，即存在超越神性的，作为神话和巫术之源的领域，上帝的意愿是无上,并且绝对自由的，这一论断,是一个全新的且与异教思想无关的内容，“
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Let's look at the first appearance of Mammon in Paradise Lost.
请看在《失乐园》中贪欲之神第一次出现的地方。
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Okay. That's the end. I want to remind you a final time to look at your Spenser, the cave of Mammon episode, as well as Dr. Johnson's brief comments on Sin and Death.
好，就讲到这，最后一次提醒你们,阅读斯宾塞，贪欲之神的洞窟的故事，还有约翰逊博士对《罪与死亡》的简评。
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You can see the translations of these: the everlasting God, God most high, the God of seeing, the God of the house of God, and so on.
你们可以看看这些名字的翻译：,永恒的神，无上的神，亲眼所见的神，众神之神等等。
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Now in 1644 when he wrote the Areopagitica, Milton may have forgotten that Spenser's Guyon did in fact descend in to hell without the help of his teacher, the palmer.
644年他在《论出版自由》中写道，弥尔顿可能忘记斯潘塞笔下的盖恩事实上是在,没有自己的老师朝圣者的帮助下进入贪神之洞的。
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It also provides Milton with the figure of Mammon who will, as you will see over the course of this semester become - well, here in Paradise Lost he's one of the key fallen angels in Milton's hell.
它也为弥尔顿提供了贪欲之神这一形象，正如在本学期这一门课中你们将始终看到的，贪欲之神,在《失乐园》中会变成,弥尔顿地狱中主要的堕落天使之一。
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The lady's refusal to drink of Comus' cup was just the first of Milton's attempts to bring the action of ingestion to the very center of a literary work.
拒绝司酒宴之神的杯子的女士,是弥尔顿第一次尝试把摄取食物的行动,注入到文学作品的中心去。
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In these sources the Israelites' deity is clearly the source of all being.
这些来源清楚地证明，以色列的神是万物之本。
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We see this in the fact that the gods are very often ; associated with natural powerful forces, right? The sky is a god; the fire is a god; fertility--a natural process--is a god.
这一点可以在很多例子中得到证明，就比如说,神灵通常是和自然力量联系在一起的，对吧？有天空之神;,有火焰之神，有丰收之神，等等等等。
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The cave of Mammon is the home of Mammon, the money god, who stores in his cave all of the wealth and all of the honor that human beings spend so much energy striving for.
贪欲之神的洞穴是他的住所，这位掌管钱财的神在他的洞里藏着,人类耗费大量精力想要求得的,所有财富和荣誉。
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or nymphs and satyrs than you or I know and later urban poets - and Theocritus was an urban poet -later urban poets like Virgil or Milton knew even less than Theocritus, we have to assume.
的森林之神），忒奥克里托斯知道的不比你我或是后来的,都市诗人多--忒奥克里托斯就是个都市诗人,-后来的都市诗人像维吉尔和弥尔顿,我们得假定，对这些知道的就比忒奥克里托斯还少了。
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Guyon descends in to the cave of Mammon by himself.
盖恩是独自下到贪婪之神的洞穴的。
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They are mere personifications of abstract ideas, and it's not at all clear that Sin and her son, Death, exist as individual entities in the same way, or on the same plane, that Satan does, for example, or Beelzebub.
他们仅仅是将抽象的思想拟人化的结果，但我们不清楚的是罪恶之神和她的儿子死神，以同样的方式或在同一个星球作为独立的个体存在，例如撒旦或者苍蝇王比尔泽布也是这样。
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The palmer accompanies him on all of his adventures but this one, and Spenser in stanza two of this canto makes a big deal of the fact that Guyon is descending in to the Cave of Mammon by himself.
朝圣者陪着他经历了除了这里之外的所有冒险，斯潘塞在这篇长诗的第二节对这一事件大做文章,他想表达盖恩是独自一人进入贪婪之神的洞穴的。
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The God of glory thunders, the Lord, over the mighty waters."
暴风之神的声音穿过水中“
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They also had a creation story. They had a flood story. They did animal sacrifices. They observed purity taboos. Israelite religion was another Ancient Near Eastern religion and they differed from their neighbors only over the number of gods they worshiped: one or many.
他们都有原创的神话，他们都有一个关于洪水的神话,都有动物牺牲，他们都尊崇高洁的竹子,以色列宗教是另一种古近东宗教，它们和别的宗教,唯一不同之处就在于崇拜的神的数量：一个还是多个。
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