So we would say the real interest rate equals the nominal rate-- approximately equals--the nominal rate minus the inflation rate.

我们可以推出实际利率约等于,名义利率减去通货膨胀率

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

The value of money changes through time because of inflation or deflation; yet, most of our debts are written in money terms.

货币的价值因时而异,那是因为存在通货膨胀和通货紧缩;,但是，我们大多数负债都以货币方式记录。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Last year we had 4% inflation 4% inflation is high by traditional standards.

去年，我们有4%的通货膨胀,用传统标准衡量，4%是很高的了。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

We had inflation rates in the United Kingdom on the order of 20% a year and people were asking ? what is going on in the UK?

我们在英国有,每年20%的通货膨胀率，然后人们还在问,英国正在发生什么？

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Stagflation was a term that was developed in the 1970s to refer to a time when inflation is we have both high inflation and high unemployment; and so we're in that situation apparently again.

这种现象有个名字，叫做滞胀,滞胀是一个在二十世纪七十年代,发展出来的术语,指的是通货膨胀中的一段时间;,我们同时有高的通货膨胀和高的失业率；

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

The general view is that if it's not extreme the rise is not too extreme it's good for the health of the economy as long as we don't have inflation that's too high.

一般的观点是如果它不极端,价格提升不太严重的话,只要我们没有太高的通货膨胀,它就对经济有好处。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

What caused it? It was caused maybe it's oversimplifying it it was caused by a change in our resolve to let's get inflation under control - and a willingness to accept the recession to stop the advance of inflation.

是什么引发了它,它是因为-也许过分的单纯化它,它是由于一个为了,让我们将通货膨胀控制在手中的解决方案,和一个接受经济衰退的愿望,结束通货膨胀的继续上涨所导致的。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

So we finally got tough and we got Paul Volker in there and central banks around the world all managed to get tough around that time and we killed inflation but it created a recession.

所以，我们最终强硬地实施,并且将保罗？沃尔克作为主席,世界各地的中央银行,全都在那段时期内严格的实施,最终我们消除了通货膨胀，却制造了经济衰退。

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选