And so what you're going to end up with is, well, let's go over that. Here is sodium and chloride.
你将以之结尾,好吧,我们跳过那个,这是钠和氯。
This cation is attracting the chloride next to it and it is repelling the sodium as the next nearest neighbor.
这一阳离子被邻近的氯离子所吸引,并排斥钠离子,因为这是其最邻近的离子。
We started with gaseous sodium to make gaseous sodium ion and gaseous atomic chlorine to make gaseous chloride ion through electron transfer.
我们从气态的钠开始,得到气态的钠离子,从气态的氯原子,通过电子转移得到氯离子。
So now, let's get a sodium here, and the chloride ion next to it to the point where they are touching.
所以,我们要有一个钠离子,和氯离子放在,相互接触的一个点上。
And then, if you go the real sodium chloride crystal and you do this same calculation but in three-dimensions.
接下来,如果回到实际的氯化钠晶体中,你们做同样的计算,但是是在三维中。
And I want that to react to give me sodium chloride as a solid and crystal.
它们反应会得到氯化钠,氯化钠固体晶体。
And I know that sodium chloride forms because, if I look on the webpage at 3.091, you see this down here, this is sodium in kerosene.
我知道氯化钠形式,因为我看过3。091的网站,看看这个,这是钠在煤油中。
And so you can imagine that if you mix these, if you take sodium and you mix it with chlorine you get sodium chloride.
如果将它们混合,以钠和氯反应为例,就会反应得到氯化钠。
I know table salt is white, but that is because you have power and you have multiple surfaces scattering, but a large crystal of sodium chloride is clear and colorless.
我知道食用盐是白色的,但这是因为你让它成了粉末,因为有了多个散射面,但是一个大的氯化钠晶体,是无色透明的。
And you will form a crystal of sodium chloride as a result of this need to form crystal expressed through the Coulomb's Law.
你能得到氯化钠晶体,因此,形成晶体所需要的条件,在库伦定律中通篇都有表达。
And there is this separation which is a balance of attractive forces because the chloride is net negative and the sodium is net positive, but both of them, regardless of net charge, have electrons.
这里有一个平衡,引力的平衡,由于氯离子带有负的净电荷,钠离子带有正的净电荷,但是它们两个,没有考虑净电荷,电子。
Well, I show you one sodium and one chloride.
我给你看一个钠,和一个氯。
And there is the sodium chloride crystal that forms between the two of them.
这是氯化钠晶体,在它们俩之间形成。
We get another chloride and another sodium sticking to the chloride.
我们得到另外一个氯和另外一个钠,固定在氯上面。
So, for example, in an electrochemical cell, it would be possible to take the sodium ion, give back its electron, and convert it into a metallic sodium, take the chloride ion, remove its electron, and restore chlorine gas.
所以,例如一个电化学的电池,它可能带有钠离子,让它得到电子,把它变成金属钠,得到氯离子,让它失去电子,作为氯气储存。
So, for example, if I have a sodium ion over here, and I have a chloride ion over here, where the distance from center to center r I'm denoting as r, this is nucleus to nucleus separation.
所以,比如这有一个钠离子,和一个氯离子,它们中心与中心间的距离,我把它设为,这是原子核和原子和的间距。
应用推荐