But we do know from living cultures that people do engage in all kinds of ritual and symbolic actions because of genuine beliefs about the importance of those actions, because those rituals and symbols are extraordinarily meaningful to them.

但是我们可以在还活着的文化中知道些什么,它们蕴含在人们做的各种宗教仪式和有象征意义的行为中,因为人们诚恳地相信这些行为的重要性，因为这些仪式和象征对他们来说意义重大。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

Anthropologists have found that gambling is present in all human cultures.

人类学家发现,在人类文化中普遍存在赌博行为

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Reason, although it was employed for all sorts of practical and intellectual purposes in some of these cultures, it still lacked independence from religion and it lacked the high status to challenge the most basic received ideas.

尽管在这些文化中,理性在只是理论上,实际活动中都有被利用,但是它始终无法与宗教割裂,地位也很低,而不被大多数人接受

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

For example, nowhere in the world would people consider eating a rock, because a rock is non-food across all cultures; but aside from that, there's great variability and so social construction part of this is very important.

举例来说,世界上没有哪里的人会想吃石头,因为不管在哪种文化中,石头都不能当做食物,但是除此之外,各地的食物丰富而多样,所以社会意识是非常重要的一部分

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

They grew the virus in monkey cell cultures, they purified the virus because you got to get all the other stuff from the cells that you're growing it in a way, they inactivated it by treating it with formalin which is just a formula-- it's just a mixture of Formaldehyde; Formaldehyde cross links proteins.

研究人员将病毒种植在猴细胞内,进行培养,并提纯病毒,在某种程度上,通过这种方法,可以得到所有类型的病毒,研究人员用福尔马林,处理病毒,使其灭活,福尔马林就是甲醛的水溶液,甲醛可以使蛋白质发生交联反应

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选