Negative Externalities: Sometimes markets impose costs on others who are not directly participating in the market.
负外部性：有时候，市场强加成本于其他不直接参与到这个市场的人之上。
On the contrary, the market is constantly at work rewarding producers and consumers who turn as many costs as possible into externalities.
而且恰恰相反，市场在不断地鼓励制造商和消费者，尽可能的把越来越多的成本转嫁到外部。
Markets become less-than-optimal allocators of resources when they fail to capture externalities in market prices.
在价格机制下如未能捕获外部性，市场不再是资源的最优配置方式。
Negative externalities are one of the main reasons for market failure.
负外部性是引起市场失灵的主要原因之一。
The scarcities and externalities of the enterprises' accounting information result in the market failures.
企业会计信息的稀缺性和外部性导致了会计信息市场的失灵。
Externalities cause market inefficiencies because they inhibit the ability of market prices to convey accurate information about how much to produce and how much to buy.
外部性会导致市场无效，因为他们限制了市场价格传达用多少钱生产和用多少钱购买的准确信息的能力。
It holds that the production of commercial forest has positive externalities and its producers can't provide enough commercial forest truly required by the society under market failure.
该文认为商品林生产具有正的外部性，市场失灵使生产者将不能提供社会真正所需要的商品林数量。
Network externalities is found to be very distinct in it industry. Since network externalities will affect product differentiation, it will affect market conduct ultimately.
有关研究表明IT产业中存在显著的网络外部性，网络外部性的存在影响了产品的差异化程度，因此必然会影响企业市场行为。
This article analyzes the causes of market failures in environment economy field. The causes are externalities, public goods and unclear property rights of environment resources.
本文分析了在环境经济领域市场失灵的原因是由环境问题的外部性、环境质量的公共物品性和环境资源产权不清而引起的。
In information market, there are both information product and service surplus with negative externalities and information product and service lack with positive externalities.
在信息市场中，既存在具有负外部性的信息产品和服务生产过剩，也存在具有正外部性的信息产品和服务生产不足。
Market failures commonly occur when producers and consumers do not take into account the full cost of their actions, such as pollution inflicted on third parties (environmental externalities).
市场失灵常见的是，生产者和消费者没有考虑到他们行为的全部成本，如对第三方(外部环境)的污染。
The market failure of urban land manifests itself in the aspects of externalities, asymmetric information and social justice.
城市土地市场的失灵主要表现在外在性、不完全的信息以及社会公平等方面。
The so-called externalities refer to enterprises or individuals other than the person to the market costs and benefits imposed, if the imposition of the costs are negative externalities ;
所谓外部性是指企业或个人向市场之外的其他人所强加的成本和收益，如果强加的是成本，则是负外部性；
In this paper we study incumbent firms' compatibility strategies when market entry of competitive firm may occur by using a three-stage game theory model with network externalities.
文章构建了一个三阶段博弈模型研究了面对潜在竞争企业的进入威胁时，在位企业之间的兼容性决策问题。
In this paper we study incumbent firms' compatibility strategies when market entry of competitive firm may occur by using a three-stage game theory model with network externalities.
文章构建了一个三阶段博弈模型研究了面对潜在竞争企业的进入威胁时，在位企业之间的兼容性决策问题。
应用推荐