While we are on the level of general theory, let me point out that restraining competition in resource use is costly, and these costs are somewhat misleadingly called transaction costs.
既然在讨论一般性的理论，我要指出约束资源使用的竞争是需要费用的。这些费用被称为交易费用，实在有点误导。
Darwin's theory of the struggle for existence and the selectivity connected with it has by many people been cited as authorization of the encouragement of the spirit of competition.
达尔文的生存竞争以及与此相联系的选择理论已被许多人作为鼓励竞争精神的权威依据来引用。
In theory, the European Commission is encouraging similar competition with its new payment-services directive (PSD), due to come into force in 2009.
理论上来讲，欧委会奖励与新的付费服务导航同样的竞争，因为这种系统2009年才生效。
The latter theory comprises meaning of brand competition, brand spread and that of brand expansion and its function and risk.
二是品牌的扩张理论，包括品牌竞争的内涵，品牌推广的内涵、品牌延伸的内涵、作用、风险。
Enterprise's core competence theory thinks the key abilities that enterprises have has determined the competition advantage of enterprises.
企业核心能力理论则认为是企业所拥有的核心能力决定了企业的竞争优势。
The first part of the paper introduced the brand, the concept of the training market, and the corresponding introduced the brand, competition theory and training related theories used below theory.
本文第一部分的内容详细解读了品牌、培训市场的概念，并相应的介绍了下文用到的品牌理论、竞争理论和培训的相关理论。
And on the basis of the analysis of the price competition by using the mathematical models in the oligopoly market, use the game theory to design the leader enterprise's price competition strategy.
以对寡头垄断市场中的价格竞争的数学模型分析为理论基础，利用博弈设计理论来分析寡头垄断市场中的领导者企业的价格竞争策略。
The second part summarize and review the theory of M&A integration, introduce competition strategic theory and key competitiveness theory.
第二部分总结回顾了企业并购整合理论基础，介绍了竞争战略理论及核心竞争力理论。
Chapter Three, researches on the monetary competition theory.
第三章，对货币竞争理论进行了研究。
To meet the need of corporation competition and make up the shortage of traditional corporation valuation measure, the competitive advantage theory is exercised to develop the measure in the paper.
为了满足企业竞争实践的需要，弥补传统的企业价值评估方法的不足，运用竞争优势理论，丰富和拓展企业价值评估方法。
Liang Qichao pursued Using ideology. He publicized the idea of survival competition by the Evolution Theory. And he wanted to save the nation from extinction.
梁启超奉行经世致用的思想，他用进化论宣传生存竞争的道理，希望借此达到救亡图存的目的。
His resulting paper on game theory - the mathematics of competition - boldly contradicts the doctrines of Adam Smith, the father of modern economics.
由此，他写成了那篇关于游戏规则理论的论文——竞争的数学，勇敢地对现代经济学之父亚当·斯密的学说提出了挑战。
The advantageous industries's competition theory is a kind of sublimation and development of the"comparative interests"rule in international trade.
优势产业竞争理论是对国际贸易中的“比较利益”规律的一种补充和升华。
Competition theory as the core of Economics has undergone a long and tortuous developing progress.
竞争理论作为经济学的核心理论，经历了漫长而曲折的演变过程。
The study of the new transform is very helpful to reform the theory of traditional value chain and to improve the key capability of the enterprises as well as their competition.
研究这种新的转变，对于变革和完善传统的价值链理论，指导企业的核心能力的培育，提高企业的国际竞争力，具有十分重要的理论和实践意义。
In theory, a developed industrial country like the United States adjusts to import competition by moving workers into more advanced industries that can successfully compete in global markets.
从理论上讲，像美国这样的工业发达国家，应该通过把劳动力转移到能在全球市场上竞争的更先进的产业来应对出口竞争。
It systematically analyzes the currency non-nationalization theory, and currency substitution theory as well as the law of currency competition.
系统分析了货币非国有化理论、货币替代理论以及货币竞争的法则。
First, the paper introduced the value chain theory and the theory of competition strategy in detail to provide the necessary theoretical research base.
首先，论文对研究所涉及的服务竞争战略理论和价值链理论作了详细的综述，为研究提供了必要的理论基础和依据。
Electronic commerce can improve international competition and develop market efficiently for enterprises. At the same time, ec brings new challenge to the traditional SCM theory and method.
电子商务是未来企业提高国际竞争力和拓展市场的有效方式，同时，电子商务也为传统的供应链管理理论与方法带来了新的挑战。
Third, using BCG matrix, SWOT and value chain theory to study the advantage in competition for GD Telecom, and discuss how to use this advantage to develop mobile communication service.
然后，运用BCG矩阵、SWOT及价值链等工具，详细分析了广东电信的竞争优势，并重点研究利用竞争优势拓展移动业务的策略。
Applied game theory analyses the market strength that studied market of oligarch competition electric power.
应用博弈论分析研究了寡头竞争电力市场的市场力。
Based on the network externality theory, a market competition risk control model was discussed. At the end of this paper, some advices of controlling market risk are given.
对于市场竞争风险的控制，本文应用网络外部效应理论探讨风险的控制模型，文章的最后还提到了一些市场风险控制的建议。
The Effective competition Theory was raised by Clark, the Americaneconomist, regarding the non-actuality of complete competition concept.
有效竞争理论是美国经济学家克拉克针对完全竞争概念的非现实性而提出的。
Many American professors and scholars have made important contributions to the theory of technical innovation competition.
关于技术创新竞赛理论的研究，一大批美国教授和学者作出了重要贡献。
Based on analyzing the motive and the com-petition situation of multinational corporations, the paper describes in theory the strategy of China logistics corporations in multination competition.
从分析国际企业进入中国物流市场的动机及竞争态势出发，对跨国竞争条件下我国物流企业的战略应对，进行了理论上的阐述。
On the basis of our previous research work, this paper reviews the development of Multimarket competition and competitive interaction theory, discuss their development in future.
本文结合前期的研究工作，系统阐述多点竞争与竞争互动的理论及其研究进展，并分析将来的研究方向。
The problem in oligarch competition is important in the researches of industrial organizational theory, and it is also the important research object in game theory.
寡头竞争问题是产业组织理论中研究的重要问题，也是博弈理论中最早研究的对象。
Thus, we must research the standards competition of ICT industry based on the theory of network effects.
因此，有必要从网络效应的视角，对ICT产业的标准竞争进行深入的研究。
Thus, we must research the standards competition of ICT industry based on the theory of network effects.
因此，有必要从网络效应的视角，对ICT产业的标准竞争进行深入的研究。
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