Due to the combined effects of surface segregation and finite size confinement, the order-disorder phase transitions of the thin films are much more complicated than those of the bulk.
由于受到表面偏析场和有限尺寸效应的影响，薄膜有序无序相变比体材料相变要复杂。
The transverse motions of electron with both self-field and high-order wiggler field are analyzed, with an investigation on the confinement condition of electrons.
在波荡器高阶磁场和自场同时作用情况下，分析电子横向运动，考察电子受横向约束的条件。
The transverse motions of electron with both self-field and high-order wiggler field are analyzed, with an investigation on the confinement condition of electrons.
在波荡器高阶磁场和自场同时作用情况下，分析电子横向运动，考察电子受横向约束的条件。
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