采用定向射孔，使得实际射孔孔眼与原来设计的具有一定角度和方位的偏差，主要有孔眼轨道产生的偏差、孔眼角度产生的偏差等。
By use of oriented perforator, a certain variance of Angle and azimuth between actual perforated hole and former design is made which mainly caused by hole trace, perforated hole Angle.
在定向井轨道设计、实钻轨迹监控等一系列问题中，圆弧井段参数计算是一个最基础的问题。
Circular arc well section parameter calculation is the most primary question among a series of questions of directional orbit design and actual surveyed trajectory.
针对定向井、侧钻井井眼轨道的常见类型给出了不同的优化数学模型，分析了计算过程，并给出了应用实例。
According to the normal well path types of the directional and sidetrack Wells, the calculating process is analyzed and the application cases are given.
提出了存在邻井障碍时定向井轨道的优化设计方法。
The design method of directional well trajectory under existing drilled well obstacles is studied in this paper.
螺旋轨道，动物园，与IIS认证重定向循环。
在极地圆轨道上工作的对地定向磁控小卫星，其动力学方程是一个线性周期系统。
The magnetic control system for polar orbiting, nadir pointing small satellite is studied in this paper. It is shown that the dynamics with magnetic control system is a linear periodic system.
在极地圆轨道上工作的对地定向磁控小卫星，其动力学方程是一个线性周期系统。
The magnetic control system for polar orbiting, nadir pointing small satellite is studied in this paper. It is shown that the dynamics with magnetic control system is a linear periodic system.
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