大多数只有一个基因拷贝的人——“携带者”——能够存活下来并将基因传给后代。
Most people with only one copy of the gene—"carriers"—survive and pass the gene to offspring.
他们的方法单刀直入，研究人员选择研究只带了一个这种基因拷贝的老鼠。
To keep things straightforward, the researchers chose to work with mice who carried just one copy of the gene.
博纳病毒基因拷贝4个中有两个严重突变，所以我们的细胞产生的蛋白是不可能来自病毒的。
Two of the four copies of the borna virus gene carry crippling mutations. It's impossible for our cells to make proteins from them.
单核苷酸多态性与变异基因拷贝数分别与近900和240个基因的活性改变有关。
SNP and CNV variation correlated with altered activity in almost 900 and 240 genes, respectively.
巧合的是，银屑病论文提到近期一项研究将SLE与补体蛋白c4基因拷贝数低联系起来。
Coincidentally, the psoriasis paper mentioned a recent study that linked SLE to low copy number of complement C4 genes.
他认为，“基因拷贝数异变在各类精神病症中有很大作用，我们正在努力了解其运行机理。”
"We are moving in a direction where CNVs are playing a role in a number of different neurobehavioral conditions," Cuccaro said.
研究结果表明至少有10%—20%的基因活性方面的遗传变异归功于变异基因拷贝数方面的因素。
The results show that at least 10-20% of heritable variation in gene activity is due to CNVs.
更确切地说，与没有两个有益的基因变体的人相比，那些携带这类基因拷贝的人患老年痴呆症的几率降低了70%。
More specifically-those who carried two copies of the favourable variant had a 70 per cent reduction in their risk for developing Alzheimer's disease compared with those who didn't. '.
向这些生物体染色体中加入更多这类基因拷贝，或让现有的这类基因产生比正常情况下更多的蛋白质就能将生命延长。
Add extra copies of them to these organisms' chromosomes, or force the existing copies to produce more protein than normal, and life is prolonged.
人类基因组单体型图在检测在许多疾病涉及的基因变异方面的作用不言而喻并且这些结论也表明变异基因拷贝数指数也有类似的作用。
The HapMap has been invaluable in detecting variants involved in many diseases and these results suggest that the CNV index will prove similarly useful.
你体内的大多数细胞每条染色体都有两份拷贝，因此，每个基因也都有两份拷贝：一份来自你的母亲，一份来自你的父亲。
Most cells in your body have two copies of every chromosome and, therefore, two copies of every gene: one from your mother and one from your father.
如果细胞变得更大、更有活力，它们则需要更多的拷贝这些线粒体基因来维持生计。
If cells get bigger and more energetic, they need more copies of these mitochondrial genes to stay alive.
兄妹之间通婚会将缺陷基因两份拷贝都传递给下一代，他们所生育的后代容易产生各种遗传缺陷，例如图坦卡蒙的畸形足。
Married siblings are more likely to pass on twin copies of harmful genes, leaving their children vulnerable to a variety of genetic defects. Tutankhamun's malformed foot may have been one such flaw.
然后通过对这些基因的拷贝进行序列测定，最终得出肿瘤样本中的基因与正常基因的不同之处。
They then ran those copies through DNA-sequencing machines to see how the samples' genes differed from the reference genes.
为了去弄清楚基因是如何影响睡眠的，Fu和她的同事用基因工程的手段让老鼠携带2个拷贝的变异基因或者一个。
To figure out how the genetic mutation impacts sleep, Fu and her colleagues genetically engineered mice to have either two copies of the mutant gene or just one copy.
英国生化学家AnthonyAllison在20世纪50年代观察到非洲人携带单拷贝的基因突变引起的镰状细胞性贫血保护了他们受到疟疾的侵扰。
In the 1950s Anthony Allison, a British biochemist, observed that Africans who carry a single copy of the genetic mutation that causes sickle-cell anaemia are protected against malaria.
通过比较DNA拷贝，海德曼博士及同事能够获得病毒基因的原序列。
By comparing the copies, Dr. Heidmann and his colleagues were able to figure out what the original sequence of the virus's genes had been.
因而你的基因序列的拷贝将是免费的，但对其含义的解读、知道能对它做些什么、知道如何应用它，也就是说你的基因的操作手册，将是昂贵的。
So the copy of your sequence will be free, but the interpretation of what it means, what you can do about it, and how to use it — the manual for your genes so to speak — will be expensive.
人类基因组拷贝数变异缺失在数量上也有很大的不同，有些人的缺失数甚至能达到几百万。
There is a wide variation in the amount of these CNV deletions which people have in their genome, with some people having several million.
研究人员发现，在个子比较矮的人身上，会出现低发生率拷贝数变异过剩——部分基因组缺失。
And the researchers found an excess of low frequency CNV deletions - where part of the genome is missing - in shorter people.
从人类基因组计划数据库中获取基因的信息可以帮助科学家对肿瘤样本中的相关基因进行定位和拷贝。
Obtaining the details of these genes from the genome project's databases made it possible for the researchers to locate and make copies of each relevant gene from each cancer sample.
这被称为单拷贝的技术并不能提供一个完全的序列一直到大量的基因组被表达，然而其他的会完全遗失。
Such so-called one-fold coverage does not, however, provide a full sequence since many parts of the genome are represented more than once, whereas others are missing completely.
因此，一些干细胞可能带有与癌症或者组织的异常生长相关的突变基因的双份拷贝。
Also, such stem cells may have duplicate copies of some mutant genes that have been linked to cancer and abnormal tissue growth.
人类基因组包括了5个β球蛋白基因的拷贝。
The human genome includes five copies of the gene that produces beta-globin.
而且，研究人员在2007年对遗传学的先驱克雷格·文特尔(J . Craig Venter)的基因组测序发现有62个拷贝数变化。
And in 2007 researchers sequenced the genome of genetic pioneer J. Craig Venter and found 62 copy number variations.
而那项昂贵试验检测血中病毒负荷或病毒基因的拷贝数。
The more expensive test samples the blood for viral load, or copies of viral genomes.
DEFB基因产物是小分子抗菌肽，且拷贝数变化(CNV)可显著影响易感性及炎症反应。
DEFB gene products are small antimicrobial proinflammatory peptides, and copy number variation (CNV) could reasonably influence susceptibility to infection and inflammation.
DEFB基因产物是小分子抗菌肽，且拷贝数变化(CNV)可显著影响易感性及炎症反应。
DEFB gene products are small antimicrobial proinflammatory peptides, and copy number variation (CNV) could reasonably influence susceptibility to infection and inflammation.
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