DNA. This molecule is a double-stranded helix made from four different types of sub-molecule.
Auroras scientists use a fluorescent marker to tell them whether a candidate drug molecule has had an effect on the target molecule.
We take a protein, and a small molecule, and the small molecule binds with the protein and changes the activity of the protein.
The same team took the first-ever single-molecule image in 2009 and more recently published images of a molecule shaped like the Olympic rings.
BBC: Atomic bond types discernible in single-molecule images
The antibodies seem to respond to only a quarter of the beta amyloid molecule, and the rest of the molecule seems to call the T cells into action.
Dr Hinterdorfer points out that, theoretically, any sort of molecule can be tethered to the end of the microscope's tip and used to scan for the presence of another molecule for which it has a particular affinity.
The density of water molecules within the leaf is typically 60 times greater than the density of carbon dioxide in the air, and the diffusion rate of the water molecule is greater than that of the carbon-dioxide molecule.
WSJ: Harrison H. Schmitt and William Happer: In Defense of Carbon Dioxide
The IBM team's innovation to create the first single molecule picture, of a molecule called pentacene, was to use the tip to pick up a single, small molecule made up of a carbon and an oxygen atom.
BBC: Atomic bond types discernible in single-molecule images
And, if the strange behavior of the familiar carbon molecule isn't enough for you, we've got an entirely new molecule to contend with, while the once-elusive Higgs Boson is getting us closer to unlocking the secrets of the universe.
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But how much do we really know about the molecule that makes life possible?
That way, you can tune your molecule to do what you want it to and no more.
The laser detectors on the machines aren't sensitive enough to see a single DNA molecule.
Kodak's small-molecule OLEDs, which make better use of current manufacturing technology, proved quicker to develop.
Another big hurdle in drug discovery is quickly figuring out whether a molecule will be toxic.
But another molecule created when the body metabolizes Galvus does build up in the kidney.
The new Roche drug, being developed by its Genentech unit, inhibits a molecule called PD-L1.
And not every carbon-dioxide molecule that diffuses into a leaf gets incorporated into a carbohydrate.
WSJ: Harrison H. Schmitt and William Happer: In Defense of Carbon Dioxide
Thus each molecule ends up sporting a colour that corresponds to its terminal base.
It usually takes two years to scale up production of such a complex molecule.
And if that were possible, could the modified DNA molecule then be closed back up?
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The team will now try to produce a smaller, active molecule which works the same way.
Two lasers read fluorescent chemical tags that have been attached to the DNA molecule.
"The idea is to be digital from the laboratory molecule to the store shelf, " he says.
This molecule is involved in repairing DNA and keeps the genes in a cell intact.
He's working on devices powered by ATP, the molecule that energizes every living cell.
He designed early protease inhibitor drugs for AIDS, but the lead molecule failed in trials.
Instead, Gevo is creating an existing molecule but doing so with a different (renewable) feedstock.
Any particle with a target molecule on its surface will stick to the spin valve.
During transcription, this molecule encodes and carries information from genes to sites of protein synthesis.
BBC: NEWS | Science/Nature | Salvage prospect for 'junk' DNA
The cancer cells use this molecule to protect themselves from chemotherapy and ensure their survival.
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