Yet Venter dreams of a day, a decade or more away, when doctors will routinely and rapidly churn out the individual maps of thousands of patients, spotting the genetic typos that will cause an array of dysfunction and disease.

FORBES: Speed Reader

"This is very useful for the understanding of the mechanisms through which smoking induces arterial dysfunction and subsequent cardiovascular disease and hopeful for the discovery of substances capable of reversing smokes harmful effects, " they said.

BBC: Glass of red wine

Parathyroid disease causes high or low calcium levels and is associated with cramping, as is thyroid dysfunction.

CNN: What causes leg cramps?

About half of all liver disease is alcohol related, a third is caused by viral hepatitis and the remainder due to immune system dysfunction, metabolic disorders and inherited diseases.

CNN: Love your liver to live longer