圣歌可以用称为六度音阶的六音符模式来唱。

The chants can be sung by using six-note patterns called hexachords.

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级进旋律是指在整个音阶的，相邻音符上跑动的旋律。

Melodies that are just running up and down a scale — neighboring tones.

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即使我们的灵长类亲戚也没有和我们接近的能力，短尾辕仅仅能辨析八度音阶的一半。

Even our primate relatives do not come close: macaques can resolve only half an octave.

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We also have scales in the chromatic mode and that's when we don't have just seven pitches within the scale.

我们也了解了半音调式中的音阶,也就是没有正好七个音高的,那种音阶

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So again this is on a viola so it has a deeper, darker timbre than a violin but here's a scale.

对于中提琴来说,它有着比小提琴更为深沉的音色,现在为你们演奏音阶

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The reason that we hear these as distinctly different, I think, happens rather early on in the scale.

我们觉得它们如此截然不同的原因,我看早在音阶中就出现了

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