直立式防波堤是最常用的外海防护建筑物和护岸建筑物之一，作用于它的主要荷载是波浪力。
Vertical breakwater is one of typical maritime sheltering structures, which is mainly subjected to wave forces.
在欧洲和美国，新建筑物中包括防护措施已成为常规，而且在有些国家已成为一种强制性程序。
In Europe and the United States of America, the inclusion of protective measures in new buildings has become a routine measure. In some countries it has become a mandatory procedure.
施工现场对毗邻的建筑物、构筑物和特殊作业环境可能造成损害的，建筑施工企业应当采取安全防护措施。
When the construction site may cause damages to the adjacent buildings, structures and special operating environment, the construction enterprises shall adopt safety and preventive measures.
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