在作者提出的GPS单历元阻尼lambda算法的基础上，结合固定边长条件，给出了一种GPS姿态定位的新方法。
A damped LAMBDA algorithm is used for single epoch GPS positioning combining the condition that baseline length on vessel is fixed, a new method for attitude determination with GPS is put forward.
在此基础上实验观察了白宝石单晶中的位错、亚晶界和小品面等缺陷的形态、数量及分布，讨论了生长条件对它们的影响。
The void formation and its micrograph of distribution, density as well as void size in sapphire single crystal grown by EFG were investigated.
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