避税是指纳税人在不违反税法规定的前提下,将纳税义务减至最低限度的行为。西方经济学者一般认为,避税与逃税存在原则差别,即后者属于非法行为,而前者并不违法,它只是最大限度地利用税法中的漏洞,少纳或不纳税款而已。避税方式可分为两大层次: 低层次的避税可以是选用合法手段减少或避开纳税,如利用税法允许的另一种税率或另一种估算应税所得的方法;或者是拒绝购买含税的商品等。
... 逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives 避税 evade tax 毕业设计 graduation design ...
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In consideration of external output competition in multinational companies , we analyse how to set the optimal transfer price in terms of tax-avoidance.
4.在考虑跨国公司存在外部产量竞争的情况下,从避税的角度分析跨国公司如何确立最优转移价格。
参考来源 - 基于税率因素的跨国公司中间产品转移定价方法研究·2,447,543篇论文数据,部分数据来源于NoteExpress
简单列举几个例子,其中包括英国的“利润转移税”(DP)、澳大利亚的“跨国反避税法”(MAAL)和印度的“显著经济存在”(SEP)测试。
They have included Britain's DP (diverted profits tax), Australia's MAAL (multinational anti-avoidance law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few.
OECD视这些协议为解决避税问题之道。
The OECD sees these agreements as the answer to the problem of tax-dodging.
同时,越来越多的美国企业将海岛当作避税港。
Meanwhile, more and more American businesses are using the island as a tax haven.
Congress said, finally--I think wisely--in 1986, that we don't want to create rules that encourage people to do a different sort of business just to evade taxes.
最终,国会在1986年明智地提出,我们不想制定法规,鼓励人们仅仅为了避税,而尝试不同的赚钱方式
If they didn't have a particular tax advantage to DPPs, they went into REITs.
既然在DPP没有避税优势了,人们便转向投资REITs
Before 1986, the tax law allowed use of DPPs as a tax loss device.
在1986年之前,税法允许DPP作为一种避税工具
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