逆转录病毒是具有挑战性的治疗，因为他们能迅速改变(突变)到新株病毒。
Retroviruses are challenging to treat as they can rapidly alter (mutate) into new strains of virus.
结论MDR1可能参与胰腺癌细胞株化疗耐药；中等剂量的维拉·帕米联合化疗可逆转具有MDR1表型的人胰腺癌细胞株对adm和MMC的耐药现象。
Conclusions Moderate dose of verapamil can reverse chemoresistance of pancreatic carcinoma cell line to ADM and MMC that might be related to MDR1.
结论构建了含人pd - 1基因重组逆转录病毒的载体，筛选出稳定表达人PD - 1分子的L929细胞株。
Conclusion HumanPD-1 gene has been cloned, recombinant retrovirus vector containing PD-1 gene constructed and L929 transfection cell line expressing PD-1 molecules selected.
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