逆压梯度指的是由低速流体的连续性方程和伯努利方程可知：当管道收缩时，气体的流速增加、压强（静压）减小；当管道扩张时，气体的流速减小，压强（静压）增加。但当管道扩张得太快，气流将发生分离，不再紧贴管壁流动。气流沿管道扩张的方向，由于流速减小，压力逐渐升高的，称为逆压梯度。
形成逆压梯度(adverse pressure gradient),引发钝体后端的边界层分离(boundary layer separation),流体回流(flow circulation)和尾流(wake);而且显著的改
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数值计算结果表明，顺压梯度有明显的延缓转捩作用，逆压梯度有较强的不稳定作用。
The numerical calculation results show that the favorable pressure gradients have apparent laminar flow control property, and the unfavorable pressure gradients have a strong unstable influence.
在零压力梯度下，这个局部的动量损失几乎是一个附加的常量，而逆压梯度则会扩大这种动量损失。
In zero pressure gradient flow, this local momentum loss is Minost an additive constant quantity. On the other hand, adverse pressure gradient results in amplification of this momentum loss.
表明壁面的“阻尼”影响主要集中在近壁面0 . 5 D以内，在径向上流动既有顺压梯度，又有逆压梯度。
It is shown that the "damping" effect mainly exists in the zone of 0.5d from the impingement wall, and there are positive as well as adverse pressure gradient in the radial direction.
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