所使用的统计模型旨在计算流感病毒在特定人群中广泛传播期间发生的所谓超额死亡率。

They use statistical models designed to calculate so-called excess mortality that occurs during the period when influenza viruses are circulating widely in a given population.

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在19世纪开始采用估算超额死亡率的方法以便记录原本会被忽略的这些与流感相关的死亡。

Methods for estimating excess mortality were introduced in the 19th century to capture these influenza-associated deaths that would otherwise be missed.

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该超额死亡率，是大约1000人中有4人，或占总人口的0.4%(超额死亡率是指死亡人数超过正常节率)。

Excess mortality, defined as a greater death rate than normal, was around 4 in 1, 000, or 0.4% of the population.

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