所谓的谱代家臣简单说就是数代侍奉同一个领主家族的家臣，这样的家臣一般更为忠诚，也更为自己的主子所信赖和重用．与其对应的称外样，一般表示指新近依附的家臣．
甚至在19世纪60年代，就已经有了一个相当广泛的元素谱线模式库。
There was a pretty extensive library of spectral line patterns of elements even by the 1860s.
一位族谱专家日前表示，奥巴马和莎拉·佩林是第10代表亲，他们的共同祖辈为17世纪的牧师约翰·史密斯。
Barack Obamaand Sarah Palin are 10th Cousins through a common ancestor, John Smith, a 17th century pastor, according to genealogists.
第三代喹诺酮类药物，即氟喹诺酮类药物，具有抗菌谱广、抗菌作用强、作用迅速、副作用少等优点。
F-quinolones, as the third generation of quinolones, have many advantages such as broad antimicrobial spectrum, strong and fast antimicrobial effects and a few side-effects.
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