沈阳认为，这种交易之所以产生，在很大程度上是因为中国的大学和研究机构将发表论文作为衡量表现、晋升以及毕业的指标。
This trade is a product of the way Chinese universities and research institutions use rates of publication as a measure of performance and eligibility for promotion or graduation, wrote Shen.
论文提出一种新的协议交易模型。
论文的重点在于交易模型的构造，包括上证指数买入信号模型、卖出信号模型的构造。
The keystone of this dissertation is the conformation of the trading model, including the buying signal model, and the selling signal model.
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