提供者必须确保与后端(back - office)系统集成，以便预订、配给、计量、估价和收费、计费和其他功能支持用户活动和事务。
The provider must ensure integration with back-office systems so that ordering, provisioning, metering, rating and charging, billing and other functions support consumer activities and transactions.
本文介绍了集中供暖的民用建筑按热量计费的发展趋势和发达国家供热计量收费的经验以及所产生的经济效果。
The paper introduces the experience with charging for heating and its advantages, and the tendency of charging per heat quantity for central heating of civil architecture.
处理数据的过程，交换机，计费、收费计算机和程序模块。
Data processing, exchanger, charge calculation, charge receiving computer and program modular.
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